Categories
Culture Experiences History Language Learning Names Science Technology Theocratic

Dàilìlā

Dàilìlā (De·liʹlah 黛利拉) 👈🏼 Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

A few years back, I wrote up a brief web page listing reasons for producing Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音), etc. material for the Imitate (ia) book. Some, especially some who grew up in the West, may have felt that this book is made up of “just stories”, and ones that they were already quite familiar with, at that. However, we must remember that Chinese Bible students may often have a different perspective regarding the Bible accounts that are made to come to life in the Imitate book. As that web page said:

  • Many Chinese people in the world have not been exposed to Bible accounts the way many Westerners have.
  • Also, I have heard that some, perhaps many, Chinese Bible students tend to approach their Bible studies like intellectual exercises for accumulating chōuxiàng (abstract) head knowledge as if for a school exam, rather than as training for their hearts for their own real lives.

Later, the web page touches on how some of the real-world benefits of good storytelling like that found in the Imitate book involve empathy:

    • The actress Natalie Portman once said, “I love acting. I think it’s the most amazing thing to be able to do. Your job is practicing empathy. You walk down the street imagining every person’s life.”
  • The Imitate book helps build Bible students’ empathy towards Bible characters, which in turn helps Bible students realize that others would feel empathy towards them as well if they imitated these Bible characters—not everyone will just think they’re crazy, like many worldly friends or family members might think.

While even fictional stories can have the benefits described in the links and the quote above, true stories from the Bible can have even greater benefits, including spiritual ones.

Besides the Imitate book, another book from Jehovah’s organization that relates Bible accounts is the Learn From the Bible (lfb) book. The letter from the Governing Body in this book says that, similarly to the Imitate book, the Learn From the Bible book also “brings the Bible accounts to life and captures the feelings of those depicted”, while, unlike the Imitate book, it “tells the story of the human family from creation onward”. While the Learn From the Bible book is especially suitable for children, the letter from the Governing Body in this book says that “it can also be used to help adults who desire to learn more about the Bible”. So, it would be good to consider on this blog some of the expressions used in the Mandarin Learn From the Bible book.

Femme Fatale

This week’s MEotW, “Dàilìlā (De·liʹlah 黛利拉)”, appears in the third paragraph of Lesson 38 of the Mandarin Learn From the Bible book, which is entitled “Yēhéhuá (Jehovah 耶和华 耶和華) Shǐ (Made 使) Cānsūn (Samson 参孙 參孫) (Strength 力) ({to Be Big} → [to Be Great] 大) Wúqióng (Wú·qióng {Not to Have} · {Being Impoverished} → [to Be Boundless] 无穷 無窮) (“Jehovah Made Samson Strong”):

English:

Later, the Philistines went to Samson’s girlfriend, Delilah, and said: ‘We will pay you thousands of silver pieces if you find out why Samson is so strong. We want to catch him and put him in prison.’ Delilah wanted the money, so she agreed.

Mandarin (WOL, Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus):

📖 📄 📘 Hòulái (Hòu·lái afterwards · {(it) came to be} 后来 後來), Cānsūn (Samson 参孙 參孫) àishangle (ài·shang·le loved · upon · {to completion} → [fell in love with] 爱上了 愛上了) (one 一) ge ([mw]個/个) jiào (called叫/呌) Dàilìlā (De·liʹlah 黛利拉) de (’s 的) nǚrén (nǚ·rén female · person → [woman] 女人), Fēilìshì‐rén ((Fēilìshì Phi·lisʹti·a 非利士)‐(rén people 人) [Phi·lisʹtines]) jiù (then 就) (went 去) zhǎo ({to look for} 找) Dàilìlā (De·liʹlah 黛利拉) shuō ({to say}說/説): “Wǒmen (Wǒ·men we · [pl] 我们 我們) yào (want 要) ({to hold} 把) Cānsūn (Samson 参孙 參孫) zhuā ({to be seized} → [to be caught] 抓) qilai (qi·lai up · {to come} 起来 起來), guānjìn (guān·jìn {to be shut → [to be confined]} · {to be entering into} 关进 關進) láo (pen → [prison] 牢) li (inside裡/裏). Zhǐyào (Zhǐ·yào only · {requiring that} → [provided] 只要) (you 你) gàosu (tell 告诉 告訴) wǒmen (wǒ·men us · [pl] 我们 我們), (he 他) wèishénme (wèi·shén·me for · what · [suf] [why] 为什么 為什/甚麼) lìqi (lì·qi strength · {air → [vital energy (in Ch. metaphysics)]} → [physical strength] 力气 力氣) nàme (nà·me {that (much)} · [suf] 那么/末 那麼/末) ({is big} → [is great] 大), wǒmen (wǒ·men we · [pl] 我们 我們) jiù (then 就) gěi ({will give}) (you 你) hěn (very 很) duō (much 多) yínzi (yín·zi silver · [suf for nouns] 银子 銀子).” Dàilìlā (De·liʹlah 黛利拉) hěn ({very much} 很) xiǎngyào (wanting 想要) qián ({the money}), jiù (then 就) dāyingle (dā·ying·le {{replied to → [agreed with]} · {responded to → [complied with]} → [answered positively to]} · {to completion} 答应了 答應了) Fēilìshì‐rén ((Fēilìshì Phi·lisʹti·a 非利士)‐(rén people 人) [Phi·lisʹtines]).

“Dàilìlā (De·liʹlah 黛利拉) is a newer translation of “Delilah” that began to appear in the Mandarin Learn From the Bible book in its 2024-10 Printing, and that seems to have begun to appear in Mandarin versions of the New World Translation Bible starting with the version named the Shèngjīng Xīn Shìjiè Yìběn (Xiūdìng Bǎn) ((Shèng·jīng (The) Holy · Scriptures 圣经 聖經) (Xīn New 新) (Shì·jiè {Generation → [World]} · Extent → [World] 世界) (Yì·běn Translated · {Root or Stem → [Edition]} 译本 譯本) ((Xiū·dìng Mended · Revised 修订 修訂) (Bǎn {Printing Plate (or Block)} → [Edition] 版))) [New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Revised 2013)]), which was first published in 2019. (The translation of “Delilah” used in older versions of these Mandarin publications was “Dàlìlā (De·liʹlah 大利拉)”.)

In the new Mandarin translation of “Delilah”, the first character was changed from “大 (Dà)” to “黛 (Dài)”, which, while being pronounced only slightly differently, has a very different meaning—while “大 (Dà)” basically means “big”, “黛 (Dài)” means “black pigment used by women in ancient times to paint their eyebrows”, according to Pleco’s built-in dictionary. Apparently, while maintaining (improving?) the basic phonetic similarity to the original language name, whoever did the translating that resulted in “Dàilìlā (De·liʹlah 黛利拉) may have snuck in a semantic (meaning-related) allusion to Delilah’s femme fatale persona:

femme fatale

An alluring and seductive woman, especially one who leads men into compromising and dangerous situations.

Borrowing from French femme fatale (literally “deadly woman”).

Beware of Honey Traps!

Speaking of which, Samson certainly had an unfortunate record with the ladies, didn’t he? Jehovah made the related situations turn out as defeats for the enemies of his people, but for Samson, the situation with Delilah especially resulted in much pain and devastation—he ended up betrayed, stripped of his God-given power, brutally blinded, imprisoned, and finally dead, even if he was able to take many of his enemies with him. There had been at least some warning signs, like Delilah nagging him repeatedly to reveal the source of his strength—HELLO!—but Samson didn’t catch on that this woman wasn’t really on his side, even if she was by his side for a while. It seems that Samson at first treated Delilah’s requests as just a cute game, but tragically, the situation turned out to actually be literally a deadly serious one.—Judges 14–16.

Such use of romantic or sexual relationships against people is such an established practice that it’s been given a name—honey trapping. We students of the Bible also know that this practice is so old that it goes back to the very first man and woman, Adam and Eve. Satan is wicked, and ultimately a loser on a strategic level, but that doesn’t mean he’s not smart and crafty tactically—he knew what he was doing when he decided to first approach Eve, arguably literally the most beautiful woman who has ever lived. The Bible reveals that “Adam was not deceived”, but still, when beautiful Eve offered him the forbidden fruit, he decided to be a pushover, follow her lead, and turn away from Jehovah. (1 Timothy 2:14) Some have observed that men can get stupid around a beautiful woman, and considering Adam’s example, it’s undoubtedly genetic!

It may be accurate to say that this kind of spiritual attack is “playing dirty”. However, this is Satan the Devil we are talking about—of course he and his agents are going to play dirty, like the agents of the intelligence agencies of the nations of Satan’s world have been known to do. Also, as this world keeps deteriorating, more and more people are becoming more and more physically-minded (i.e., unspiritual), materialistic, and self-centred, making them more easily manipulated lures and victims in spiritual honey trapping schemes. (2 Timothy 3:13; 1 Corinthians 2:14; Matthew 24:38, 39) So, down to this day, and including within the Mandarin field, honey trapping remains a go-to tactic for Satan the Devil.

Here are a couple of related experiences that I know of: Years ago, I had a Bible student who was an intelligent young man who seemed to mentally understand what he was learning, and yet he eventually stopped studying and got into a relationship with a woman who went to a church that he must have known taught wrong things. I also know of a brother who was an elder, and who even became a missionary in Taiwan along with his wife, and yet he left his wife to live with a Taiwanese woman for a while, resulting in him getting disfellowshipped and divorced. He eventually left behind that adulterous relationship and got reinstated, but what a regrettable trail of pain and devastation left behind by someone who once shone so brightly and did so much in the Mandarin field.

Protectively Proficient Mandarin, Nuclear Bombs, and Stars

Hopefully, we will be able to learn from such real-life experiences and avoid becoming a Samson to any alluring Delilah being used, whether knowingly or not, by our spiritual enemies. As per the Mandarin language-learning focus of this blog, developing the related abilities to understand and speak Mandarin well can potentially help us to more truly and accurately get to know any Mandarin-speaking person who may show up on our romantic radar. (With everything going on in such situations, that’s hard enough when both the people involved are fluent in the same language, never mind if one only has a weak or lame grasp of the language. That might result in one knowing just enough Mandarin to get into trouble, while not knowing enough to understand what’s really going on.)

However, as shown by some of the examples mentioned above, while knowing is half the battle, we also have to get the other half right—successfully applying what we learn to what we do. Romantic and sexual attraction can be powerful—bikinis were in fact named after Bikini Atoll, the site of a series of nuclear weapons tests. Faced with such powerful forces that could push us in destructive directions if we let them, we need to become, with Jehovah’s help, even more powerful spiritually. Jehovah’s holy spirit is the most powerful force in the universe, the source of all the energy in all the stars, compared to which even nuclear bombs are tiny firecrackers, so it’s definitely possible.—Genesis 1:1, 2.

As an example of just how powerful Jehovah’s holy spirit is even compared to humans’ nuclear bombs, according to my research and calculations, every day, the sun, produced with power from the holy spirit, puts out the energy of almost 8 quadrillion (1015) 1-megaton nuclear bombs. (A single 1-megaton nuclear bomb would release about 67 times the amount of energy released by the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima.) And according to NASA, “it turns out that our Sun is an average-sized star. There are bigger stars, and there are smaller stars. We have found stars that are 100 times bigger in diameter than our sun.” So, while the forces of romantic and sexual attraction can be powerful, if we always choose to put Jehovah first regardless of our relationship status and pray and act accordingly, Jehovah’s holy spirit can certainly operate even more powerfully in our lives.—1 Corinthians 7:25–35; Philippians 4:13.


For convenience:

The direct link for the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource for the Learn From the Bible book is:

The short link for Chinese field language-learning links for the Learn From the Bible book is:

More Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) and Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web material based on the Mandarin Learn From the Bible book will be made available in the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web resource as time allows.

Categories
Culture Experiences Science Theocratic

Zhōngyāng Zhǎnglǎo‐Tuán

Zhōngyāng Zhǎnglǎo‐Tuán ((Zhōngyāng Central 中央) (Zhǎng·lǎo {Grown → [Elder]} · Old (Men) → [Elders] 长老 長老)‐(Tuán {Rolled into a Ball} → [Group] → [Body]團/糰) [Governing Body]) ← Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

A few years back, I wrote up a brief web page listing reasons for producing Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音), etc. material for the Imitate (ia) book. Some, especially some who grew up in the West, may have felt that this book is made up of “just stories”, and ones that they were already quite familiar with, at that. However, we must remember that Chinese Bible students may often have a different perspective regarding the Bible accounts that are made to come to life in the Imitate book. As that web page said:

  • Many Chinese people in the world have not been exposed to Bible accounts the way many Westerners have.
  • Also, I have heard that some, perhaps many, Chinese Bible students tend to approach their Bible studies like intellectual exercises for accumulating chōuxiàng (abstract) head knowledge as if for a school exam, rather than as training for their hearts for their own real lives.

Later, the web page touches on how some of the real-world benefits of good storytelling like that found in the Imitate book involve empathy:

    • The actress Natalie Portman once said, “I love acting. I think it’s the most amazing thing to be able to do. Your job is practicing empathy. You walk down the street imagining every person’s life.”
  • The Imitate book helps build Bible students’ empathy towards Bible characters, which in turn helps Bible students realize that others would feel empathy towards them as well if they imitated these Bible characters—not everyone will just think they’re crazy, like many worldly friends or family members might think.

While even fictional stories can have the benefits described in the links and the quote above, true stories from the Bible can have even greater benefits, including spiritual ones.

Besides the Imitate book, another book from Jehovah’s organization that relates Bible accounts is the Learn From the Bible (lfb) book. The letter from the Governing Body in this book says that, similarly to the Imitate book, the Learn From the Bible book also “brings the Bible accounts to life and captures the feelings of those depicted”, while, unlike the Imitate book, it “tells the story of the human family from creation onward”. While the Learn From the Bible book is especially suitable for children, the letter from the Governing Body in this book says that “it can also be used to help adults who desire to learn more about the Bible”. So, it would be good to consider on this blog some of the expressions used in the Mandarin Learn From the Bible book.

You Have Mail!

This week’s MEotW, “Zhōngyāng Zhǎnglǎo‐Tuán ((Zhōngyāng Central 中央) (Zhǎng·lǎo {Grown → [Elder]} · Old (Men) → [Elders] 长老 長老)‐(Tuán {Rolled into a Ball} → [Group] → [Body]團/糰) [Governing Body])”, appears near the beginning of the Mandarin Learn From the Bible book:

English:

A Letter From the Governing Body

Mandarin (WOL, Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus):

📖 📄 📘 Zhōngyāng Zhǎnglǎo‐Tuán ((Zhōngyāng Central 中央) (Zhǎng·lǎo {Grown → [Elder]} · Old (Men) → [Elders] 长老 長老)‐(Tuán {Rolled into a Ball} → [Group] → [Body]團/糰) [Governing Body]) de (’s 的) Xìn (Letter 信)

We can see from the above that “Zhōngyāng Zhǎnglǎo‐Tuán ((Zhōngyāng Central 中央) (Zhǎng·lǎo {Grown → [Elder]} · Old (Men) → [Elders] 长老 長老)‐(Tuán {Rolled into a Ball} → [Group] → [Body]團/糰) [Governing Body]) is the official Mandarin expression used to translate “Governing Body”. What morphemes and words are used to make up this Mandarin expression? What do they mean? How do they work together to make up the whole expression?

Central, But Not Necessarily in the Central Kingdom

Both the morphemes in “zhōngyāng (centre | central 中央) mean “centre” or “central”. Years ago, a sister expressed to me that she doubted that the organization would use the expression “zhōngyāng (centre | central 中央)”, since it was such a mainland China-coded expression that’s often used by the current central government there. In fact, Pleco’s built-in dictionary says that it can be an abbreviation for “Zhōngguó Gòngchǎn‐Dǎng Zhōngyāng Wěiyuán‐Huì ((Zhōng·guó Central · Nation → [Chinese] 中国 中國) (Gòng·chǎn {Commonly Possessing} · {Produced (Things) → [Property]} → [Communist] 共产 共產)‐(Dǎng Party黨/党) (Zhōngyāng Central 中央) {(Wěi·yuán Entrusted · Members 委员 委員)‐(Huì Gathering) → [Committee]} → [Central Committee of the Communist Party of China]) (“Central Committee of the Communist Party of China”). Another example is “Zhōngguó Zhōngyāng Diànshì‐Tái ((Zhōng·guó Central · Nation → [China] 中国 中國) (Zhōngyāng Central 中央) (Diàn·shì Electric · {Looking At} → [Television] 电视 電視)‐(Tái Platform → [Station]台/臺) [China Central Television (CCTV)]) (“China Central Television (CCTV)”), the national television broadcaster of China. However, mitigating against the concern that “zhōngyāng (centre | central 中央) is overly connected to mainland China is that it’s used in “Zhōngyāng Qíngbào‐Jú ((Zhōngyāng Central 中央) (Qíng·bào Situation; Circumstances · Reporting → [Intelligence] 情报 情報)‐(Jú Bureau; Office → [Agency] 局) [Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)])”, the Mandarin expression referring to the US’s Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Anyway, the organization has decided that it’s not a problem to use “zhōngyāng (centre | central 中央) in the official Mandarin expression referring to the Governing Body.

Old (Man/Men)

“Zhǎnglǎo (Zhǎng·lǎo {grown → [elder]} · old (men) → [elders] 长老 長老) literally just means “grown old”, without any explicit reference to any man or men. However, it’s used such that it has an effective meaning of “elder (man/men)”, and it’s used by the organization to refer to the elders within the organization. There are many Mandarin expressions that follow this pattern of explicitly meaning a description, while only implicitly meaning that this description applies to a person, or to persons. Another example is “jìsī (jì·sī {offering sacrifices} · {taking charge [of]}; {attending [to]}; managing (person) → [priest] 祭司)”, which literally just means “offering sacrifices, attending to”, but which effectively means “priest[s]”, an implied person, or implied persons, to whom the literal description applies.

Towards a Clearer Style

In the rendering “Zhōngyāng Zhǎnglǎo‐Tuán ((Zhōngyāng Central 中央) (Zhǎng·lǎo {Grown → [Elder]} · Old (Men) → [Elders] 长老 長老)‐(Tuán {Rolled into a Ball} → [Group] → [Body]團/糰) [Governing Body])”, following after “Zhǎnglǎo (Zhǎng·lǎo {Grown → [Elder]} · Old (Men) → [Elders] 长老 長老) is a hyphen. This is not a typical Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) rendering, if anything is typical about Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) in this characters-dominated world—typically, one would encounter “Zhǎnglǎotuán (Zhǎng·lǎo·tuán {{Grown → [Elder]} · Old (Men) → [Elders]} · {{Rolled into a Ball} → [Group] → [Body]} 长老团 長老團/糰)”, rendered as a single, uninterrupted word. However, I have been leaning towards the view that such relatively long, uninterrupted words are relatively difficult to parse, or mentally break down into meaningful components. So, I have been adopting the practice of inserting hyphens in expressions that are typically rendered as long, uninterrupted words, between expressions like “zhǎnglǎo (zhǎng·lǎo {grown → [elder]} · old (men) → [elders] 长老 長老) and “tuán ({roll sth. into a ball} → [unite; assemble | sth. roundish; lump | group; society; organization | round; circular | [mw for roundish things]]團/糰) that can stand alone as words. This makes it easier for readers to mentally come to grips with how multi-word expressions are constructed, with how they mean what they mean.

Even with the English writing system, which has been around for centuries and is very widely used, there remain similarly differing opinions on word separation and hyphenation, as well as differing opinions on things like the Oxford (serial) comma, British and American spellings, capitalization, etc. Different organizations, in fact, have different style guides regarding how to use the English writing system. It should not be surprising, then, that a relatively “young” writing system like Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音), which additionally faces cultural prejudices unfairly limiting its use, has some aspects regarding which differing opinions still exist, which may get hammered out to an extent with time and greater usage by many different people.

Having a Ball

Coming to the final morpheme of this week’s MEotW, note that while “tuán ({roll sth. into a ball} → [unite; assemble | sth. roundish; lump | group; society; organization | round; circular | [mw for roundish things]]團/糰) effectively means “group” or “body”, it literally means “roll something into a ball”, and can also mean “roundish mass; lump”! So, “zhǎnglǎo (zhǎng·lǎo {grown → [elder]} · old (men) → [elders] 长老 長老)tuán ({rolled into a ball} → [group] → [body]團/糰) suggests the mental image of a number of elders rolled into a ball or roundish mass, so that they become a body of elders. Hopefully, elders in the Mandarin field will be able to find this Mandarin wording amusing rather than be offended by it!

Anyway, the morphemes in “Zhōngyāng Zhǎnglǎo‐Tuán ((Zhōngyāng Central 中央) (Zhǎng·lǎo {Grown → [Elder]} · Old (Men) → [Elders] 长老 長老)‐(Tuán {Rolled into a Ball} → [Group] → [Body]團/糰) [Governing Body]) on a certain level of literalness come together to mean “Central Body of Elders”, which matches nicely with the English expression “Governing Body”. In their letter near the beginning of the Learn From the Bible book, the Governing Body introduces this book and expresses their hopes for how it will be able to benefit people who make good use of it. May we do our part to help people in the Mandarin field to do so. Perhaps, we can start by showing them the letter from the Governing Body that’s contained in the Learn From the Bible book.


For convenience:

The direct link for the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource for the Learn From the Bible book is:

The short link for Chinese field language-learning links for the Learn From the Bible book is:

More Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) and Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web material based on the Mandarin Learn From the Bible book will be made available in the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web resource as time allows.

Categories
Science Technology Theocratic

yǎnshēng

yǎnshēng (yǎn·shēng {spread [out]}; develop; amplify; overflow; {spill over} · {give birth/life to}; grow → [derive | develop; evolve; produce; give rise to] 衍生) ← Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

The Shēngmìng Láizì Chuàngzào Ma? ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (Lái·zì Came · From 来自 來自) (Chuàng·zào Initiating · {Making, Creating} → [Creating] 创造 創造) (Ma [? ptcl for “yes/no” questions])? [Was Life Created? (lc)]) (Was Life Created? (lc)) brochure and the Shēngmìng de Qǐyuán—Zhíde Sīkǎo de Wǔ Ge Wèntí ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (de ’s 的) (Qǐ·yuán {Rising → [Starting]} · Source → [Origin] 起源/原)—(Zhí·de Worth · Getting → [Worth] 值得) (Sī·kǎo {Thinking About} · Examining 思考) (de ’s 的) (Wǔ Five 五) (Ge [mw]個/个) (Wèn·tí Asking · Subjects → [Questions] 问题 問題) [The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)]) (The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)) brochure were originally published back in 2010, but relatively recently, the English version of the Was Life Created? brochure was updated to the December 2022 Printing, and the Mandarin version of it was updated to the February 2023 Printing. Also, the Was Life Created? brochure and the Origin of Life brochure are now in the Teaching Toolbox section in the JW Library app. So, it would be good to consider some of the expressions used in the Mandarin versions of these publications that can be so helpful when discussing whether life was created.

“The Product of Random, Undirected Events?”

This week’s MEotW, which appears in the section of the Mandarin Was Life Created? brochure entitled “Jiǎnjiè (Jiǎn·jiè {Simple → [Brief]} · {Being Situated Between → [Introduction]} 简介 簡介) (“Introduction”), is “yǎnshēng (yǎn·shēng {spread [out]}; develop; amplify; overflow; {spill over} · {give birth/life to}; grow → [derive | develop; evolve; produce; give rise to] 衍生)”:

English:

Was life created, or are you purely the product of random, undirected events?

Mandarin (WOL; Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus)

📖 📄 📘 Shēngmìng (life 生命) láizì (lái·zì came · from 来自 來自) chuàngzào (chuàng·zào initiating · {making, creating} → [creating] 创造 創造) ma ([? ptcl for “yes/no” questions])? Háishi (Hái·shi {still more → [or]} · {is (it a)} 还是 還是) chúncuì ({being pure} → [purely] 纯粹 純粹) yóu ({due to} 由/繇) yìxiē (yì·xiē one · {indefinite number of} → [some] 一些) suíjī (suí·jī {coming along with} · chance → [random] 随机 隨機), (not 不) shòu ({having received} 受) zhǐhuī (zhǐ·huī {(pointing with) finger → [pointing]} · {spraying → [directing]} → [directing] 指挥 指揮) de (’s 的) shìjiàn (shì·jiàn events · [mw] 事件) yǎnshēng (yǎn·shēng {having been spilled over} · {having been given birth to} → [having been produced] 衍生) chulai (chu·lai out · {to come} 出来 出來) de ({’s (thing)} 的) ne ([? ptcl] 呢)?

As can be seen from the above quotes, the Mandarin Was Life Created? brochure uses “yǎnshēng (yǎn·shēng {spread [out]}; develop; amplify; overflow; {spill over} · {give birth/life to}; grow → [derive | develop; evolve; produce; give rise to] 衍生) to effectively mean “having been produced”.

Did Life Just Randomly “Spill Over” into Existence?

The “yǎn ({spread [out]}; develop; amplify; overflow; {spill over} [→ [[is] redundant; [is] superfluous]] 衍) in “yǎnshēng (yǎn·shēng {spread [out]}; develop; amplify; overflow; {spill over} · {give birth/life to}; grow → [derive | develop; evolve; produce; give rise to] 衍生) can mean “overflow” or “spill over”, so it well gives the impression of something that happens as a result of random, undirected processes, when there is not an intelligent person paying attention and directing things.

For comparison, consider three expressions that the Pleco app’s built-in dictionary uses as examples of expressions that include “yǎn ({spread [out]}; develop; amplify; overflow; {spill over} [→ [[is] redundant; [is] superfluous]] 衍)”:

  • yǎnjìn (yǎn·jìn {spread [out]}; develop; amplify; overflow; {spill over} · advance → [evolve] 衍进 衍進)
  • yǎnbiàn (yǎn·biàn {spread [out]}; develop; amplify; overflow; {spill over} · change → [develop; evolve] | {spreading [out]}; developing; amplifying; overflowing; {spilling over} · changing → [transformation; development; evolution; progressive change] 衍变 衍變)
  • yǎnwén (yǎn·wén {spread [out]; overflowed; spilled over → [redundant; superfluous]} · writing → [duplication/redundancy due to misprinting or miscopying] 衍文)

So, since “yǎnshēng (yǎn·shēng {spread [out]}; develop; amplify; overflow; {spill over} · {give birth/life to}; grow → [derive | develop; evolve; produce; give rise to] 衍生) accurately expresses the randomness and passiveness of how supporters of evolution say life came to be, we should not use it when referring to how our Creator actually brought life into existence—with loving care and heaps of active intelligent direction.


For convenience:

The direct link for the current generation Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource for the Was Life Created? brochure is:

The short link for Chinese field language-learning links for the Was Life Created? brochure is:

More Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) and Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web material based on the Mandarin Was Life Created? brochure will be made available in the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web resource as time allows.