Tag: Origin of Life Br.

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Science Technology Theocratic

qiǎohé

qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé {being coincidental → [coincidentally]} · {closing [with] → [suiting; fitting; matching]} → [coincidental] | coincidental · {closing → [suiting; fitting; matching]} → [coinciding | coincidence] 巧合) 👈🏼 Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

The Shēngmìng Láizì Chuàngzào Ma? ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (Lái·zì Came · From 来自 來自) (Chuàng·zào Initiating · {Making, Creating} → [Creating] 创造 創造) (Ma [? ptcl for “yes/no” questions] 吗 嗎)? → [Was Life Created? (lc)]) (Was Life Created? (lc)) brochure and the Shēngmìng de Qǐyuán—Zhíde Sīkǎo de Wǔ Ge Wèntí ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (de ’s 的) (Qǐ·yuán {Rising → [Starting]} · Source → [Origin] 起源/原)—(Zhí·de Worth · Getting → [Worth] 值得) (Sī·kǎo {Thinking About} · Examining 思考) (de ’s 的) (Wǔ Five 五) (Ge [mw] 个 個/个) (Wèn·tí Asking · Subjects → [Questions] 问题 問題) → [The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)]) (The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)) brochure were originally published back in 2010, but relatively recently, the English version of the Was Life Created? brochure was updated to the December 2022 Printing, and the Mandarin version of it was updated to the February 2023 Printing. Also, the Was Life Created? brochure and the Origin of Life brochure are now in the Teaching Toolbox section in the JW Library app. So, it would be good to consider some of the expressions used in the Mandarin versions of these publications that can be so helpful when discussing whether life was created.

“Coincidences”! Sure…

This week’s MEotW, which appears in the first paragraph of the section of the Mandarin Was Life Created? brochure entitled “Shēngjī (Shēng·jī Life · {Mechanism → [Being Organic]} → [Life] 生机 生機)‐Bóbó (Bó·bó Flourishing · Flourishing 勃勃) de (’s 的) Dìqiú (Dì·qiú Earth · Globe 地球)” (“The Living Planet”), is “qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé {being coincidental → [coincidentally]} · {closing [with] → [suiting; fitting; matching]} → [coincidental] | coincidental · {closing → [suiting; fitting; matching]} → [coinciding | coincidence] 巧合)”:

English:

Life on earth could never exist were it not for a series of very fortunate “coincidences,” …Those coincidences include the following:

Mandarin (WOL; Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus)

📖 📄 📘 Dìqiú (Dì·qiú earth · globe 地球) zài (in 在) hěn (very 很) duō (many 多) fāngmiàn (fāng·miàn {directions → [sides]} · faces → [aspects] 方面) dōu ({all of them} 都) “qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé {being coincidental → [coincidentally]} · {closing → [matching]} → [coincidental] 巧合)” de (-ly 地) pèihe (pèi·he matches · {closes → [accords]} → [is suitable] 配合) de (getting 得) tiān‐yī‐wúfèng ((tiān (to be) heavenly 天)‐(yī garment 衣)‐(wú·fèng without · seams 无缝 無縫) → [to be flawless]), yào (if 要)‐bu ((it) not 不)‐shì ({would be} 是) zhèyàng (zhè·yàng this · {form → [way]} 这样 這樣), dìqiú (dì·qiú earth · globe 地球) shang (upon 上) gēnběn (gēn·běn {root (of a plant)} · {root or stem of a plant} → [basically] 根本) jiù (then 就) bù (not 不) kěnéng (could 可能) yǒu (have 有) shēngmìng (life 生命). … Zhèixiē (Zhèi·xiē this · {indefinite number of} → [these] 这些 這些) “qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé coincidental · {closings → [matchings]} → [coincidences] 巧合)” bāokuò (bāo·kuò wrap · {draw together} → [include] 包括):

In the above quote, “qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé {being coincidental → [coincidentally]} · {closing [with] → [suiting; fitting; matching]} → [coincidental] | coincidental · {closing → [suiting; fitting; matching]} → [coinciding | coincidence] 巧合)” is used as an adjective and as a noun, corresponding with “coincidental” and “coincidences”.

In “qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé {being coincidental → [coincidentally]} · {closing [with] → [suiting; fitting; matching]} → [coincidental] | coincidental · {closing → [suiting; fitting; matching]} → [coinciding | coincidence] 巧合)”, “qiǎo ({[is] clever; intelligent; skillful; ingenious} | {[being] opportune; coincidental} [→ [coincidentally]] 巧)” means “[being] coincidental”, which meaning it also has in “pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance/coincidence] 碰巧)”, a past MEotW. As for “hé ({close; shut [with]} [→ [join; combine; gather [with] | accord [with]; conform [to]; suit; agree [with] | be fitting | be equal [to] | be proper; be appropriate | be matching [with]]] 合)”, it literally means “close/closing [with]”, and it can have various effective meanings that include “join; combine; gather [with]” and “suiting; fitting; matching”. This morpheme also appears in expressions as diverse as “hélǐ (hé·lǐ {[is] closing with → [[is] fitting/according with]} · reason → [[is] rational; reasonable; equitable] 合理)”, “Liánhé Guó ((Lián·hé United · {Closed → [Joined]} 联合 聯合) (Guó Nations 国 國) → [United Nations])”, and past MEotW “fēnzǐ jùhé‐tǐ ((fēn·zǐ {divided (off)} · {small and hard thing} → [molecular] 分子) (jù·hé assembled · {closed → [combined]} → [polymerized] 聚合)‐(tǐ body 体 體/体/躰) → [(protein) molecular machine])”.

“Coincidences”? Or Products of Purposeful Design?

The Was Life Created? brochure goes on to list the features of the earth that are discussed in that section of the brochure:

  • Earth’s location in the Milky Way galaxy and the solar system, as well as the planet’s orbit, tilt, rotational speed, and unusual moon
  • A magnetic field and an atmosphere that serve as a dual shield
  • Natural cycles that replenish and cleanse the planet’s air and water supply

Next comes an invitation that we would do well to learn how to extend to those we speak to in the Mandarin field:

English:

As you consider each of these topics, ask yourself, ‘Are earth’s features a product of blind chance or of purposeful design?’

Mandarin (WOL; Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus)

📖 📄 📘 Jiē ({coming into contact with} → [taking hold of] (the baton next) 接) xialai (xia·lai down · {to come} 下来 下來), wǒmen (wǒ·men we · [pl] 我们 我們) huì (will 会 會) zhúyī (zhú·yī {one after another} · one → [one by one] 逐一) tántan (tán·tan discuss · discuss 谈谈 談談) zhè (these 这 這) jǐ (few 几 幾) fāngmiàn (fāng·miàn {directions → [sides]} · faces → [aspects] 方面). Nǐ (you 你) yuèdú (read 阅读 閱/閲讀) xiàwén (xià·wén below’s · writing → [following text] 下文) shí ({(particular) times} 时 時), bùfáng (bù·fáng {(there is) not} · hindering (in) → [there is no harm in] 不妨) wènwen (wèn·wen asking · asking 问问 問問) zìjǐ (self 自己): “Dìqiú (Dì·qiú earth · globe 地球) yǒu (having 有) zhèixiē (zhèi·xiē this · {indefinite number of} → [these] 这些 這些) dútè (dú·tè singular · special → [distinctive] 独特 獨特) xiànxiàng (xiàn·xiàng appearings · appearances → [phenomena] 现象 現象) chúncuì ({being pure} → [purely] 纯粹 純粹) shì (is 是) chūyú (chū·yú {having come out} · from 出于 出於) qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé coincidental · {closing → [suiting]} → [coincidence] 巧合), háishi (hái·shi {still more → [or]} · {is (it)} 还是 還是) chūyú (chū·yú {having come out} · from 出于 出於) Zàowù‐Zhǔ ((Zào·wù Created · Things 造物)‐(Zhǔ Master 主) → [Creator]) de (’s 的) jīngxīn (jīng·xīn {(with) meticulous} · heart 精心) shèjì (shè·jì {setting up} · planning → [design] 设计 設計) ne ([? ptcl] 呢)?”

For convenience:

The direct link for the current-generation Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource for the Was Life Created? brochure is:

The short link for Chinese field language-learning links for the Was Life Created? brochure is:

More Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) and Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web material based on the Mandarin Was Life Created? brochure will be made available in the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web resource as time allows.

Categories
Culture Language Learning Science Technology Theocratic

Zàowù‐Zhǔ

Zàowù‐Zhǔ ((Zào·wù Created · Things 造物)‐(Zhǔ Master 主) → [Creator]) 👈🏼 Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

At the time of this writing, jw.org had just recently featured the article “How Can You Decide?”, from the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake! magazine. The title of this issue, in English and in Mandarin, is as follows:

English:

Should You Believe in a Creator?—You Decide

Mandarin:

📖 📄 📘 Zhēnde (Zhēn·de Really · ’s 真的) Yǒu ({(There) Is Having} → [(There) Exists] 有) Zàowù‐Zhǔ ((Zào·wù Created · Things 造物)‐(Zhǔ Master 主) → [Creator]) Ma ([? ptcl for “yes/no” questions] 吗 嗎)? Nǐ (You 你) Néng (Can 能) Zhǎodào (Zhǎo·dào {Look For (and)} · {Arrive At} → [Find] 找到) Dá’àn (Dá’·àn Answering · {Long, Narrow Table or Desk → [Set of Information]} → [Answer] 答案)

As can be seen from the above example, “Zàowù‐Zhǔ ((Zào·wù Created · Things 造物)‐(Zhǔ Master 主) → [Creator])”, this week’s MEotW, is the Mandarin expression meaning “Creator”. And, as can be seen from this expression’s Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus “flashcard”, the literal meanings of its constituent morphemes come together to mean something like “Master (or Lord) Who Created All Things”.

“Did They Give You Evidence”?

A couple more examples of “Zàowù‐Zhǔ ((Zào·wù Created · Things 造物)‐(Zhǔ Master 主) → [Creator])” in use can be found in the second paragraph of the above-mentioned article from the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake!:

English:

Your schoolteachers may have confidently stated that the universe and life in it arose spontaneously, that no Creator was involved. But did your teachers provide you with evidence that a Creator does not exist? On the other hand, you may have heard religious leaders preach that there is a Creator. But did they give you evidence to back up their claim? Or did they ask you to accept their statement as a matter of “faith” or doctrine?

Mandarin:

📖 📄 📘 Xuéxiào (Xué·xiào {learning (place) → [school]} · school 学校 學校) lǎoshī (lǎo·shī {old → [experienced]} · teachers → [teachers] 老师 老師) yěxǔ (yě·xǔ {on the whole} · maybe 也许 也許) huì (will 会 會) hěn (very 很) kěndìng (kěn·dìng agreeing · {to be set} → [being certain] 肯定) de (-ly 地) gàosu (tell 告诉 告訴) nǐ (you 你), yǔzhòu (yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [universe] 宇宙) hé ({(together) with} → [and] 和 和/龢) shēngmìng (life 生命) dōu (both 都) shì (were 是) pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance] 碰巧) chǎnshēng (chǎn·shēng {given birth to → [produced]} · {given birth to → [caused to exist]} → [brought into being] 产生 產生) de ({’s (things)} 的), gēnběn (gēn·běn {root (of a plant)} · {root or stem of a plant} → [fundamentally] 根本) jiù (then 就) méiyǒu (méi·yǒu not · {did have} → [did not have] 没有 沒有) Zàowù‐Zhǔ ((Zào·wù Created · Things 造物)‐(Zhǔ Master 主) → [Creator]). Dàn (but 但) tāmen (tā·men he/she · [pl] → [they] 他们 他們) yǒu (had (or) 有) méiyǒu (méi·yǒu not · had → [had not] 没有 沒有) xiàng (to 向 向/曏/嚮) nǐ (you 你) tíchū (tí·chū {carried (hanging down from the hand) → [raised] → [referred to]} · out 提出) zhèngjù (evidence 证据 證/証據) ne ([? ptcl] 呢)? Lìng (another 另) yì (one 一) fāngmiàn (fāng·miàn {direction → [side]} · face → [aspect] 方面), yìxiē (yì·xiē one · {indefinite number of} → [some] 一些) zōngjiào (zōng·jiào {school of thought} · teaching → [religious] 宗教) rénshì (rén·shì persons · {persons trained in a certain field} → [personages] 人士) zhǔzhāng (zhǔ·zhāng advocate · spread → [maintain] 主张 主張) yǒu ({(there) is having} → [(there) exists] 有) yí (one 一) wèi ({place of a} → [mw for persons] 位) Zàowù‐Zhǔ ((Zào·wù Created · Things 造物)‐(Zhǔ Master 主) → [Creator]). Dàn (but 但) tāmen (tā·men he/she · [pl] → [they] 他们 他們) tígōng (tí·gōng {did carry (hanging down from the hand) → [did raise]} · {did provide} 提供) zhèngjù (evidence 证据 證/証據) le ({to completion} 了) ma ([? ptcl for “yes/no” questions] 吗 嗎)? Háishi (Hái·shi {still more → [or]} · {was (it) that} 还是 還是) zhǐshì (zhǐ·shì (they) merely · were 只是) gàosu (telling 告诉 告訴) nǐ (you 你), “xìn (believing 信)” jiù (then 就) gòule (gòu·le {is enough} · {to completion} 够了 夠了) ne ([? ptcl] 呢)?

A Big Presence in the Teaching Toolbox

It’s worth noting that the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake! is currently in the Teaching Toolbox in the JW Library app. That means that as of this writing, 3 out of the 6 books or brochures in the Teaching Toolbox—fully one half of them—are focused on the subject of creation/evolution. Additionally, the Enjoy Life Forever! book, one of the other publications in the Teaching Toolbox, has an entire lesson on the subject “How Did Life Begin?”. This big presence in the Teaching Toolbox of material focused on creation/evolution reflects a recent heavy emphasis on this issue on the part of the organization.

Indeed, for people in general to find real spiritual truth and make real spiritual progress, the question of the Creator’s existence is the first basic question that needs to be answered well in their minds, otherwise they are left with just the conflicting opinions, speculations, and platitudes of mere limited, imperfect humans. As Proverbs 9:10 says:

The fear of Jehovah is the beginning of wisdom,
And knowledge of the Most Holy One is understanding.

In the Mandarin field in particular, it is especially necessary to focus on the issue of the Creator’s existence, because current worldly Chinese culture has particularly heavily predisposed many Mandarin-speakers to not believe in a Creator.

At the same time, the worldwide Mandarin field is by far the largest language field in the world, and it’s likely that it is the largest language field ever in history.

Chart: Languages by First-Language Speakers—2019

So, the need is especially great for Mandarin field language learners to be able to help Mandarin-speakers overcome their cultural backgrounds and cultivate faith in the Creator!

Creation/Evolution, and Also the Great Wall of Characters

However, I suspect that even in their mother tongue, many Mandarin field language learners would be hesitant to discuss creation/evolution, since it is an especially deeply technical subject. Adding the requirement to conduct the discussion in Mandarin, which has traditionally been written using the extraordinarily complex Chinese characters, to many just makes an already daunting task seem even more undoable.

The Great Wall of China

In addition to the inherent technical difficulty of the subject of creation/evolution, Mandarin field language learners also face the Great Wall of characters.

To help with this formidable challenge, the organization’s official Mandarin digital material for the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake!, and for the Was Life Created? and Origin of Life brochures, is available with Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音). Additionally, unofficial Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus material—specifically designed, not to be spiritual food, but for helping Mandarin field language learners to get past the Great Wall of characters and actually learn to understand and speak the Mandarin they need—is available for the Was Life Created? and Origin of Life brochures, and will soon be available for the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake! too. For updates on these Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resources, keep an eye on this blog, on the Links News blog, and on the related account on the social network of your choice listed on this blog’s Contact page.

Categories
Science Technology Theocratic

xiāngduì

xiāngduì (xiāng·duì {[with] each other}; {one another}; mutually · {facing; opposing [→ [compared]]} → [[being] opposite each other; face to face | relative/relatively; comparatively; vis-à-vis] 相对 相對) 👈🏼 Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

The Shēngmìng Láizì Chuàngzào Ma? ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (Lái·zì Came · From 来自 來自) (Chuàng·zào Initiating · {Making, Creating} → [Creating] 创造 創造) (Ma [? ptcl for “yes/no” questions] 吗 嗎)? → [Was Life Created? (lc)]) (Was Life Created? (lc)) brochure and the Shēngmìng de Qǐyuán—Zhíde Sīkǎo de Wǔ Ge Wèntí ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (de ’s 的) (Qǐ·yuán {Rising → [Starting]} · Source → [Origin] 起源/原)—(Zhí·de Worth · Getting → [Worth] 值得) (Sī·kǎo {Thinking About} · Examining 思考) (de ’s 的) (Wǔ Five 五) (Ge [mw] 个 個/个) (Wèn·tí Asking · Subjects → [Questions] 问题 問題) → [The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)]) (The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)) brochure were originally published back in 2010, but relatively recently, the English version of the Was Life Created? brochure was updated to the December 2022 Printing, and the Mandarin version of it was updated to the February 2023 Printing. Also, the Was Life Created? brochure and the Origin of Life brochure are now in the Teaching Toolbox section in the JW Library app. So, it would be good to consider some of the expressions used in the Mandarin versions of these publications that can be so helpful when discussing whether life was created.

It’s Relative?

This week’s MEotW, “xiāngduì (xiāng·duì {[with] each other}; {one another}; mutually · {facing; opposing [→ [compared]]} → [[being] opposite each other; face to face | relative/relatively; comparatively; vis-à-vis] 相对 相對)”, occurs in paragraph 3 of the QUESTION 2 section of the Origin of Life brochure, which section is entitled, in English, “Is Any Form of Life Really Simple?”:

English:

Since prokaryotic cells are relatively less complex than eukaryotic cells, many believe that animal and plant cells must have evolved from bacterial cells.

Mandarin (WOL, Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus):

📖 📄 📘 Xiāngduì (Xiāng·duì {one another} · {facing → [compared]} → [relatively] 相对 相對) lái (coming 来 來) shuō ({to say} 说 說/説), yuánhé (yuán·hé primitive · {pit (of a fruit) → [nucleus]} → [prokaryotic] 原核) xìbāo (xì·bāo tiny · wombs → [cells] 细胞 細胞) de (’ 的) gòuzào (gòu·zào {constructings → [structures]} · makings → [structures] 构造 構造) bǐ ({compared to} 比) zhēnhé (zhēn·hé true · {pit (of a fruit) → [nucleus]} → [eukaryotic] 真核) xìbāo (xì·bāo tiny · wombs → [cells] 细胞 細胞) jiǎndān (jiǎn·dān {are simple} · {are single → [are simple]} → [are simple] 简单 簡單), suǒyǐ (suǒ·yǐ {that which} · {is the reason/cause} → [so] 所以) xǔduō (xǔ·duō numbers · many 许多 許多) kēxué‐jiā ((kē·xué {branches of study} · learning → [science] 科学 科學)‐(jiā -ists 家) → [scientists]) rènwéi (rèn·wéi identify · {(it) to be (that)} 认为 認為) dòng‐zhíwù ((dòng moving 动 動)‐(zhí·wù planted · things 植物) → [plants and animals]) de (’ 的) xìbāo (xì·bāo tiny · wombs → [cells] 细胞 細胞) dōu (all 都) bìdìng (bì·dìng certainly · {(it) has been set} 必定) shì (are 是) cóng (from 从 從) xìjūn (xì·jūn tiny · bacteria → [bacterial] 细菌 細菌) xìbāo (xì·bāo tiny · wombs → [cells] 细胞 細胞) yǎnshēng (yǎn·shēng {spilling over} · {given life to} → [evolved] 衍生) chulai (chu·lai out · {to come} 出来 出來) de ({’s (cells)} 的).

It’s Complex, Absolutely

In “xiāngduì (xiāng·duì {[with] each other}; {one another}; mutually · {facing; opposing [→ [compared]]} → [[being] opposite each other; face to face | relative/relatively; comparatively; vis-à-vis] 相对 相對)”, “xiāng ({[with] each other}; {one another}; mutually 相)” means “each other”, or “one another”. “Duì ({trained on}; {directed at}; facing; opposite; opposing; {[is] towards} [→ [to | treat | [is] correct; [is] right | pair; couple [of] | comparing; checking; verifying]] 对 對)” literally means “facing” or “opposing”, and can effectively mean “compared”. Together, these morphemes can be taken to effectively mean “relative” or “relatively”, as they are in the above example.

The opposite of “relative” or “relatively” is “absolute” or “absolutely”, and the Mandarin word for that is “juéduì (jué·duì {being cut off → [asolutely]} · {facing → [compared]} → [[is] absolute[ly]; perfect[ly]; definite[ly]] 绝对 絕對)”. The “jué ({cut off}; severed [→ [exhausted; used up; finished; terminated | unique; superb; matchless | died; has become extinct]] | {being cut off} → [absolutely; extremely] 绝 絕/絶)” used here literally means “cut off”, and can effectively mean “absolutely” or “extremely”. The “duì ({trained on}; {directed at}; facing; opposite; opposing; {[is] towards} [→ [to | treat | [is] correct; [is] right | pair; couple [of] | comparing; checking; verifying]] 对 對)” in “juéduì (jué·duì {being cut off → [asolutely]} · {facing → [compared]} → [[is] absolute[ly]; perfect[ly]; definite[ly]] 绝对 絕對)” is the same one that’s in “xiāngduì (xiāng·duì {[with] each other}; {one another}; mutually · {facing; opposing [→ [compared]]} → [[being] opposite each other; face to face | relative/relatively; comparatively; vis-à-vis] 相对 相對)”.

Relatively speaking, some cells are simpler than other cells, and as mentioned in the example above, some latch on to that and suggest that more complex cells must have evolved from relatively simpler cells. However, as the Origin of Life brochure goes on to show us, any cell is still highly, highly complex in absolute terms, when it comes to what could be formed by random chance.

Relatively and Absolutely “Far Too Complex to Have Arisen by Chance”

The following statement, which occurs towards the end of the QUESTION 2 section of the Origin of Life brochure, describes the complexity of even relatively “simple” cells:

English:

Fact: Some respected scientists say that even a “simple” cell is far too complex to have arisen by chance on earth.

Mandarin (WOL, Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus):

📖 📄 📘 Shìshí (Shì·shí matter · {being solid} → [fact] 事实 事實): Yǒuxiē (Yǒu·xiē {(there) are having → [(there) are]} · some 有些) bèishòu (bèi·shòu fully · receive 备受 備受) zūnzhòng (zūn·zhòng respecting · {(viewing as) weighty} 尊重) de (’s 的) kēxué‐jiā ((kē·xué {branches of study} · learning → [science] 科学 科學)‐(jiā -ists 家) → [scientists]) shuō (saying 说 說/説), jiùsuàn (jiù·suàn {even if} · {figuring → [considering]} 就算) shì ({(it) is} 是) yí (one 一) ge ([mw] 个 個/个) “jiǎndān (jiǎn·dān simple · {single → [simple]} → [simple] 简单 簡單)” de (’s 的) xìbāo (xì·bāo tiny · womb → [cell] 细胞 細胞) yě ((it) also 也) shífēn (shí·fēn ten · portions → [very much] 十分) fùzá (fù·zá {is turned around → [is complex]} · {is mixed} → [is complex] 复杂 複雜), bù (not 不) kěnéng (kě·néng maybe · {being able} → [possibly] 可能) shì ({had been} 是) pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance] 碰巧) zài (on 在) dìqiú (dì·qiú earth · globe 地球) shang (upon 上) xíngchéng (xíng·chéng {form (n)} · {came to be} → [formed] 形成) de ({’s (thing)} 的).

Let us, then, continue to do what we can to help Mandarin-speaking people to get acquainted with the abundant evidence that life was indeed created, and let us help them to get to know our loving Creator.

For convenience:

The direct link for the current-generation Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource for the Origin of Life brochure is:

The short link for Chinese field language-learning links for the Origin of Life brochure is:

More Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) and Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web material based on the Mandarin Origin of Life brochure will be made available in the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web resource as time allows.