Categories
Culture Experiences Language Learning Science Theocratic

yì‐zhī‐bàn‐jiě

yì‐zhī‐bàn‐jiě ((yì {one (part)} 一)‐(zhī know 知)‐(bàn {half (part)} 半)‐(jiě untie → [solve] → [understand] 解) [have half-baked understanding; be a dilettante/amateur]) 👈🏼 Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

We in the Mandarin field should keep in mind that many Mandarin-speaking people were taught to believe in evolution, and thus tend to not believe in God. The Shēngmìng Láizì Chuàngzào Ma? ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (Lái·zì Came · From 来自 來自) (Chuàng·zào Initiating · {Making, Creating} → [Creating] 创造 創造) (Ma [? ptcl for “yes/no” questions])? [Was Life Created? (lc)]) (Was Life Created? (lc)) brochure and the Shēngmìng de Qǐyuán—Zhíde Sīkǎo de Wǔ Ge Wèntí ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (de ’s 的) (Qǐ·yuán {Rising → [Starting]} · Source → [Origin] 起源/原)—(Zhí·de Worth · Getting → [Worth] 值得) (Sī·kǎo {Thinking About} · Examining 思考) (de ’s 的) (Wǔ Five 五) (Ge [mw]個/个) (Wèn·tí Asking · Subjects → [Questions] 问题 問題) [The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)]) (The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)) brochure were originally published back in 2010, but they are still considered current publications, and relatively recently, the English version of the Was Life Created? brochure was updated to the December 2022 Printing, and the Mandarin version of it was updated to the February 2023 Printing. So, it would be good for us to consider some of the expressions used in the Mandarin versions of the Was Life Created? and Origin of Life brochures, which can be so helpful when discussing the fundamentally important question of whether life was created.

“Poorly Understood”

This week’s MEotW, which appears in the section of the Mandarin Was Life Created? brochure entitled “Shēngjī (Shēng·jī Life · {Mechanism → [Being Organic]} → [Life] 生机 生機)Bóbó (Bó·bó Flourishing · Flourishing 勃勃) de (’s 的) Dìqiú (Dì·qiú Earth · Globe → [Earth] 地球) (“The Living Planet”), is “yì‐zhī‐bàn‐jiě ((yì {one (part)} 一)‐(zhī know 知)‐(bàn {half (part)} 半)‐(jiě untie → [solve] → [understand] 解) [have half-baked understanding; be a dilettante/amateur])”:

English:

Life on earth could never exist were it not for a series of very fortunate “coincidences,” some of which were unknown or poorly understood until the 20th century.

Mandarin (WOL; Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus)

📖 📄 📘 Dìqiú (Dì·qiú earth · globe → [earth] 地球) zài (in 在) hěn (very 很) duō (many 多) fāngmiàn (fāng·miàn {directions → [sides]} · faces → [aspects] 方面) dōu ({all of them} 都)qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé {being coincidental → [coincidentally]} · {closing → [matching]} → [coincidental] 巧合)de (-ly 地) pèihe (pèi·he matches · {closes → [accords]} → [is suitable] 配合) de (getting 得) tiān‐yī‐wúfèng ((tiān (to be) heavenly 天)‐(yī garment 衣)‐(wú·fèng without · seams 无缝 無縫) [to be flawless]), yào (if 要)bu ((it) not 不)shì (was 是) zhèyàng (zhè·yàng this · {form → [way]} 这样 這樣), dìqiú (dì·qiú earth · globe → [earth] 地球) shang (upon 上) gēnběn (gēn·běn (at) {root (of a plant)} · {root or stem of a plant} → [basically] 根本) jiù (then 就) (not 不) kěnéng (could 可能) yǒu (have 有) shēngmìng (life 生命). Duìyú (Duì·yú towards · {with regard to} 对于 對於) zhèixiē (zhèi·xiē this · {indefinite number of} → [these] 这些 這些)qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé coincidental · {closings → [matchings]}[coincidences] 巧合)”, kēxué‐jiā ((kē·xué {branches of study} · learning → [science] 科学 科學)‐(jiā -ists 家) [scientists]) yìzhí (yì·zhí one · {being straight} → [all along] 一直) yì‐zhī‐bàn‐jiě ((yì {one (part)} 一)‐(zhī {were knowing} 知)‐(bàn {half (part)} 半)‐(jiě {were untying} → [were solving] → [were understanding] 解) [were having half-baked understanding]) shènzhì (shèn·zhì extremely · {going to the extent of} → [even] 甚至) yìwú‐suǒzhī ((yì·wú {one → [entirely]} · {were not having} 一无 一無) (suǒ·zhī {that which (they)} · {were knowing} 所知) [were knowing nothing]), zhídào (zhí·dào straight · {up until} 直到) 20 shìjì (shì·jì generation · era → [century] 世纪 世紀) cái ({only then}才/纔) míngbai (míng·bai {were bright (about them) → [were understanding (them)]} · {to be white → [clearly]} 明白) duō (more 多) yìdiǎnr (yì·diǎn·r a · bit · {child → [(diminutive) non-syllabic retroflex suffix; pronunciation feature in Beijing dialect]} 一点(儿) 一點(兒)).

As can be seen from the above quotes, the Mandarin Was Life Created? brochure uses “yì‐zhī‐bàn‐jiě ((yì {one (part)} 一)‐(zhī know 知)‐(bàn {half (part)} 半)‐(jiě untie → [solve] → [understand] 解) [have half-baked understanding; be a dilettante/amateur]) to correspond to the expression “poorly understood” that appears in the English version.

Know More Than “Just Enough to be Dangerous”

The matter of understanding reminds me of a couple of lines from the Beatles song “Strawberry Fields Forever”:

Living is easy with eyes closed
Misunderstanding all you see

Yes, many are unfortunately content to live without understanding of many things or just with whatever understandings they were given by others, since that way of living spares them of the effort required to think for themselves. However, no one ever really came into the truth that way—even those who “grew up in the truth” had to ultimately make the truth their own if they were to stay in the truth.

When it comes to the subject of creation/evolution, and also the Mandarin language itself that we seek to be able to use to speak about that subject, we need to grow and develop our knowledge and understanding beyond the point of “knowing just enough to be dangerous”. With true science, true religion, and also truly effective language learning, there must be willingness to leave behind old ideas when newly discovered evidence and newly acquired knowledge and understanding show that those ideas are in error, or are inadequate. As Proverbs 4:18 says:

But the path of the righteous is like the bright morning light
That grows brighter and brighter until full daylight.

“Become Full-Grown in Your Understanding”

For example, the traditional cultural doctrine that Mandarin learners should focus on learning characters is only partially, superficially true, insofar as it is indeed of some practical value, in this current system that has remained enthralled with characters, to be able to read and write Mandarin Chinese that’s written in characters. However, as shown by language science and by 1 Corinthians 14:8–11 in God’s Word itself, the most basically important aspect to focus on when learning a language for the ministry is actually understandable speech:

For if the trumpet sounds an indistinct call, who will get ready for battle? In the same way, unless you with the tongue use speech that is easily understood, how will anyone know what is being said? You will, in fact, be speaking into the air. It may be that there are many kinds of speech in the world, and yet no kind is without meaning. For if I do not understand the sense of the speech, I will be a foreigner to the one speaking, and the one speaking will be a foreigner to me.

We imperfect humans tend to focus on what is visible and apparently easy to measure, as opposed to what is invisible and not as apparently easy to measure. Idols, for instance, are visible and apparently easy to measure—an idol worshipper might say, or just subconsciously feel, “Look, I can plainly see my god, that idol, so I’ve got the religious/spiritual aspect of my life covered.” Similarly, a traditionally inclined Mandarin learner may say, or just subconsciously feel, “Look, these visible and visually fascinating Chinese characters obviously represent the Mandarin language, and are emphasized and glamourized by many people, so by focusing on the characters, I’ll have Mandarin learning covered.”

However, visible idols are actually false gods, and the only true God Jehovah is invisible. Similarly, the visible and visually fascinating Chinese characters, as glamourized as they are, are not actually the Mandarin language itself—they are just an unnecessarily convoluted traditional system of writing the Mandarin language, which actually consists of invisible Mandarin speech.

So, when preparing to talk to Mandarin-speaking people about whether life was created, let us proceed with understanding that is as full as possible regarding both the topic itself and also the Mandarin language that we use to discuss it, rather than being content with “misunderstanding all you see”, or with half-baked understandings passed on from others. As 1 Corinthians 14 goes on to say, “become full-grown in your understanding”.—1 Corinthians 14:20.


For convenience:

The direct link for the current-generation Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource for the Was Life Created? brochure is:

The short link for Chinese field language-learning links for the Was Life Created? brochure is:

More Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) and Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web material based on the Mandarin Was Life Created? brochure will be made available in the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web resource as time allows.

Categories
Culture Language Learning Science Technology Theocratic

yǔzhòu

yǔzhòu (yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [[the] universe; cosmos; space | cosmic] 宇宙) 👈🏼 Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

At the time of this writing, jw.org was featuring an article from the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake! magazine, about what the universe tells us about a Creator. The title of this article, in English and in Mandarin, is as follows:

English:

What the Universe Tells Us

Mandarin:

📖 📄 📘 Yǔzhòu (Yǔ·zhòu Universe · {All Time, Past, Present, and Future} → [The Universe] 宇宙) Gàosu (Tells 告诉 告訴) Wǒmen (Wǒ·men Us · [pl] 我们 我們) Shénme (Shén·me What · [suf] 什么 什/甚麼)?

As can be seen from the above example, “yǔzhòu (yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [[the] universe; cosmos; space | cosmic] 宇宙)”, this week’s MEotW, is the Mandarin expression meaning “the universe”. And, as can be seen from this expression’s Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus “flashcard”, its constituent morphemes mean “[the] universe; all time, past, present, and future”.

Wiktionary’s entry for “yǔzhòu (yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [[the] universe; cosmos; space | cosmic] 宇宙) contains the following comment about the etymology of this expression:

Meyer (2010) proposes that “eaves and roof beams” was a synecdoche for a domicile’s entire space; this figure of speech would later be appropriated by early authors and later Huainanziʼs contributors as “a metaphor for the cosmos, taking “eaves” [] and “roof beams” [] to represent the dimensions of space and time[, respectively] that compose the entire phenomenal universe.”[1]

Spacetime

Interestingly, these meanings of the morphemes in “yǔzhòu (yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [[the] universe; cosmos; space | cosmic] 宇宙) match up with the morphemes in the English word “spacetime”. The Wikipedia article for this is introduced with the following:

In physics, spacetime, also called the space-time continuum, is a mathematical model that fuses the three dimensions of space and the one dimension of time into a single four-dimensional continuum. Spacetime diagrams are useful in visualizing and understanding relativistic effects, such as how different observers perceive where and when events occur.

Until the turn of the 20th century, the assumption had been that the three-dimensional geometry of the universe (its description in terms of locations, shapes, distances, and directions) was distinct from time (the measurement of when events occur within the universe). However, space and time took on new meanings with the Lorentz transformation and special theory of relativity.

In 1908, Hermann Minkowski presented a geometric interpretation of special relativity that fused time and the three spatial dimensions into a single four-dimensional continuum now known as Minkowski space. This interpretation proved vital to the general theory of relativity, wherein spacetime is curved by mass and energy.

“Because They Were Designed?”

“Yǔzhòu (Yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [[the] universe; cosmos; space | cosmic] 宇宙) also appears in the concluding paragraph of the above-mentioned article from the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake!:

English:

Based on his scientific knowledge of the universe and its properties, physicist Paul Davies concluded: “I cannot believe that our existence in this universe is a mere quirk of fate, an accident of history, an incidental blip in the great cosmic drama. . . . We are truly meant to be here.” Davies does not teach that God created the universe and human life, but what do you think? The universe and the earth seem to be designed to make life possible. Could it be that they seem that way because they were designed?

Mandarin:

📖 📄 📘 Wùlǐ‐xué‐jiā ((Wù·lǐ things’ · {logic → [laws]} → [physics] 物理)‐(xué studying)‐(jiā -ist 家) [physicist]) Bǎoluó (Paul 保罗 保羅) Dàiwéisī (Davies 戴维斯 戴維斯) gēnjù (gēn·jù {(at) root} · {according to} → [based on] 根据 根據) zìjǐ (self 自己) duì (towards) yǔzhòu (yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [the universe] 宇宙) (and 及) tiānwén (tiān·wén heavens’ · {natural phenomena} → [astronomical] 天文) fǎzé (fǎ·zé laws · principles 法则 法則) de ( 的) liǎojiě (liǎo·jiě understanding · {untying → [solving]} → [understanding] 了解 了/瞭解) zhèyàng (zhè·yàng this · {form → [way]} 这样 這樣) shuō (said說/説): “ (I 我) wúfǎ (wú·fǎ {do not have} · {way to} → [cannot] 无法 無法) xiāngxìn (xiāng·xìn {each other → [it]} · believe → [believe] 相信), rénlèi (rén·lèi human·kind 人类 人類) zài (in 在) zhèige (zhèi·ge this · [mw] 这个 這個) yǔzhòu (yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [universe] 宇宙) de (’s 的) cúnzài (cún·zài existing · {being present} 存在), zhǐshì (zhǐ·shì merely · is 只是) qiǎohé (qiǎo·hé {being coincidental → [coincidentally]} · {closing → [fitting]} → [coincidental] 巧合) huò (or 或) xìjù‐xìng ((xìjù (having) drama 戏剧 戲劇)‐(xìng nature → [quality] 性) [dramatic]) de (’s 的) tūfā (tū·fā {chimney → [dashing forward → [unexpectedly]]} · issued → [appeared unexpectedly] 突) shìjiàn (shì·jiàn incident · [mw] 事件)wǒmen de ((wǒ·men us · [pl] 我们 我們) (de ’s 的) [our]) cúnzài (cún·zài existing · {being present} 存在) kěndìng (kěn·dìng agreeing · certainly → [definitely] 肯定) shì (is 是) yǒu (having 有) yuányīn (yuán·yīn origin · reason 原因) de ({’s (thing)} 的).” Dàiwéisī (Davies 戴维斯 戴維斯) bìng (actually並/竝/并) méiyǒu (méi·yǒu not · {has → [does]} → [does not] 没有 沒有) zhǔzhāng (zhǔ·zhāng advocate · spread (that) → [hold (that)] 主张 主張) yǔzhòu (yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [the universe] 宇宙) ({(together) with} → [and]和/龢) rénlèi (rén·lèi human·kind 人类 人類) shì (are 是) Shàngdì (Shàng·dì Above’s · {Emperor → [God]} → [God] 上帝) chuàngzào (chuàng·zào initiated · {made, created} → [created] 创造 創造) de ({’s (things)} 的). Dàn (but 但) (you 你) juéde (jué·de {to wake to → [to feel]} · {(how do) get} → [how do feel] 觉得 覺得) ne ([? ptcl] 呢)? Jìrán (Jì·rán since · -ly 既然) yǔzhòu (yǔ·zhòu universe · {all time, past, present, and future} → [the universe] 宇宙) ({(together) with} → [and]和/龢) dìqiú (dì·qiú earth · globe → [the earth] 地球) zhème (zhè·me {this (much)} · [suf for interrogatives and adverbs] 这么/末 這麼/末) shìhé (shì·hé {are suitable for} · {are closing with → [are fitting with]} 适合 適合) shēngmìng (life 生命) cúnzài (cún·zài existing · {being present} 存在), nàme (nà·me {(in) that (case) → [then]} · [suf] 那么/末 那麼/末) tāmen (tā·men it · [pl] [they] 它们 它/牠們) shì (are 是) bèi ([passive signifier] [were] 被) shèjì (shè·jì {set up} · planned → [designed] 设计 設計) chulai (chu·lai out · {to come} 出来 出來) de ({’s (things)} 的) ma ([? ptcl for “yes/no” questions])?

A Particular Need in the Mandarin Field

It’s worth noting that the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake! was recently in the Teaching Toolbox in the JW Library app. In fact, for a time, 3 out of the 6 books or brochures in the Teaching Toolbox—fully one half of them—were focused on the subject of creation/evolution. Additionally, the Enjoy Life Forever! book, which is still in the Teaching Toolbox, has an entire lesson on the subject “How Did Life Begin?”. This big presence in the Teaching Toolbox for a time of material focused on creation/evolution reflects a recent heavy emphasis on this issue on the part of the organization.

Indeed, for people in general to find real spiritual truth and make real spiritual progress, the question of the Creator’s existence is the first basic question that needs to be answered well in their minds, otherwise they are left with just the conflicting opinions, speculations, and platitudes of mere limited, imperfect humans. As Proverbs 9:10 says:

The fear of Jehovah is the beginning of wisdom,
And knowledge of the Most Holy One is understanding.

In the Mandarin field in particular, it is especially necessary to focus on the issue of the Creator’s existence, because current worldly Chinese culture has particularly heavily predisposed many Mandarin-speakers to not believe in a Creator.

At the same time, the worldwide Mandarin field is by far the largest language field in the world, and it’s likely that it is the largest language field ever in history.

Chart: Languages by First-Language Speakers—2019

So, the need is especially great for Mandarin field language learners to be able to help Mandarin-speakers overcome their cultural backgrounds and cultivate faith in the Creator!

Creation/Evolution, and Also the Great Wall of Characters

However, I suspect that even in their mother tongue, many Mandarin field language learners would be hesitant to discuss creation/evolution, since it is an especially deeply technical subject. Adding the requirement to conduct the discussion in Mandarin, which has traditionally been written using the extraordinarily complex Chinese characters, to many just makes an already daunting task seem even more undoable.

The Great Wall of China

In addition to the inherent technical difficulty of the subject of creation/evolution, Mandarin field language learners also face the Great Wall of characters.

To help with this formidable challenge, the organization’s official Mandarin digital material for the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake!, and for the Was Life Created? and Origin of Life brochures, is available with Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音). Additionally, unofficial Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus material—specifically designed, not to be spiritual food, but for helping Mandarin field language learners to get past the Great Wall of characters and actually learn to understand and speak the Mandarin they need—is available for the Was Life Created? and Origin of Life brochures, and should eventually be available for the No. 3 2021 issue of Awake! too. For updates on these Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resources, keep an eye on this blog, on the Links News blog, and on the related account on the social network of your choice listed on this blog’s Contact page.

Categories
Culture Experiences Language Learning Science Theocratic

fǎn’ér

fǎn’ér (fǎn’·ér {turning [(it/that…)] over → [on the contrary; instead]} · {but (rather); yet; on the other hand} 反而) 👈🏼 Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

We in the Mandarin field should keep in mind that many Mandarin-speaking people were taught to believe in evolution, and thus tend to not believe in God. The Shēngmìng Láizì Chuàngzào Ma? ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (Lái·zì Came · From 来自 來自) (Chuàng·zào Initiating · {Making, Creating} → [Creating] 创造 創造) (Ma [? ptcl for “yes/no” questions])? [Was Life Created? (lc)]) (Was Life Created? (lc)) brochure and the Shēngmìng de Qǐyuán—Zhíde Sīkǎo de Wǔ Ge Wèntí ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (de ’s 的) (Qǐ·yuán {Rising → [Starting]} · Source → [Origin] 起源/原)—(Zhí·de Worth · Getting → [Worth] 值得) (Sī·kǎo {Thinking About} · Examining 思考) (de ’s 的) (Wǔ Five 五) (Ge [mw]個/个) (Wèn·tí Asking · Subjects → [Questions] 问题 問題) [The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)]) (The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)) brochure were originally published back in 2010, but they are still considered current publications, and relatively recently, the English version of the Was Life Created? brochure was updated to the December 2022 Printing, and the Mandarin version of it was updated to the February 2023 Printing. So, it would be good for us to consider some of the expressions used in the Mandarin versions of the Was Life Created? and Origin of Life brochures, which can be so helpful when discussing the fundamentally important question of whether life was created.

Being Contrary

This week’s MEotW, “fǎn’ér (fǎn’·ér {turning [(it/that…)] over → [on the contrary; instead]} · {but (rather); yet; on the other hand} 反而)”, occurs in the 13th paragraph in the QUESTION 1 section of the Origin of Life brochure, which section is entitled, in English, “How Did Life Begin?”:

English:

Similarly, if scientists ever did construct a cell, they would accomplish something truly amazing—but would they prove that the cell could be made by accident? If anything, they would prove the very opposite, would they not?

Mandarin (WOL, Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus):

📖 📄 📘 Tóngyàng (Tóng·yàng (in the) same · {form → [way]} 同样 同樣), jiǎrú (jiǎ·rú {being artificial} · {as if} → [supposing] 假如) kēxué‐jiā ((kē·xué {branches of study} · learning → [science] 科学 科學)‐(jiā -ists 家) [scientists]) zhēnde (zhēn·de really · ’s 真的) néng ({were able} 能) zàochū (zào·chū {to build} · out 造出) (one 一) ge ([mw]個/个) xìbāo (xì·bāo tiny · womb → [cell] 细胞 細胞), (that 那) dāngrán (dāng·rán should · -ly → [of course] 当然 當然) shì ({would be} 是) (one 一) xiàng ({item of}) wěijǔ (wěi·jǔ great · {raising → [act]} → [magnificent feat] 伟举 偉舉), dàn (but 但) zhè (this) kěyǐ (kě·yǐ could · [suf] 可以) zhèngmíng (zhèng·míng prove · {to be clear} 证明 證明) xìbāo (xì·bāo tiny · womb → [cell] 细胞 細胞) néng (could 能) pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance] 碰巧) chǎnshēng (chǎn·shēng {be given birth to → [be produced]} · {be given birth to → [be caused to exist]} → [be brought into being] 产生 產生) ma ([? ptcl for “yes/no” questions])? Qíshí (Qí·shí its · {being solid → [actuality]} → [actually] 其实 其實), zhè (this) fǎn’ér (fǎn’·ér {turning (it) over → [instead]} · {on the other hand} 反而) zhèngmíng (zhèng·míng {would prove} · {to be clear} 证明 證明) xìbāo (xì·bāo tiny · womb → [cell] 细胞 細胞) (not 不) shì (is 是) pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance] 碰巧) chǎnshēng (chǎn·shēng {given birth to → [produced]} · {given birth to → [caused to exist]} → [brought into being] 产生 產生) de ({’s (thing)} 的), duì (towards → [correct]) ma ([? ptcl for “yes/no” questions])?

The “fǎn ({turn over [→ [reverse | returned; countered | revolted; rebelled | oppose; combat | upside down; inside out; in the reverse direction | on the contrary; instead | anti-]]} 反) in “fǎn’ér (fǎn’·ér {turning [(it/that…)] over → [on the contrary; instead]} · {but (rather); yet; on the other hand} 反而) literally means “turning (it/that…) over”, and it effectively means “on the contrary; instead”. The “ér (and; {and yet} | {but (rather)}; {on the other hand} | thus | {so as to} 而) here means “on the other hand”.

To Obey or Not to Obey

While we as God’s people should be “ready to obey”, especially when it comes to direction from him, his Word, and his organization, we should do our obeying intentionally and thoughtfully, with our “power of reason”. (James 3:17; Romans 12:1) We should not just obey from nothing more than habitual or mindless reflex, otherwise, in this world that is filled with misinformation and controlled by Satan the Devil, we may become “like a wave of the sea driven by the wind and blown about”, and we may allow ourselves to be “molded by this system of things”.—James 1:6; Romans 12:2.

Interestingly, when it comes to obedience, scientific studies suggest that having a naturally agreeable personality may make one more likely to go along with someone’s instructions to do something harmful:

In a previous post I discussed Stanley Milgram’s famous obedience experiments and what they say about the conditions that lead people to make destructive, harmful choices. It turns out they’re the same conditions that most of us experience in everyday life when it comes to making choices more or less damaging to the environment—and they prompt us to take the more destructive path.

Now a new study using a variation of Milgram’s experiments shows that people with more agreeable, conscientious personalities are more likely to make harmful choices. In these new obedience experiments, people with more social graces were the ones who complied with the experimenter’s wishes and delivered electric shocks they believed could harm an innocent person. By contrast, people with more contrarian, less agreeable personalities were more likely to refuse to hurt other people when told to do so.

Yes, when faced with wrong or harmful directions or information, it would actually be good for us to be “contrarian” or even “disobedient” in order to ultimately be more truly obedient to and in harmony with Jehovah and his right ways. In this, we have Jesus’ example to guide us. Jesus absolutely did not just “go along to get along” when it came to human ideas and traditions that were contrary to God’s principles and ways. While the Pharisees, etc. viewed Jesus as “contrarian” and “difficult”, Jehovah approved of him.

Going Along with the World

Often, in the world’s media, some exquisitely designed thing in the natural world will be featured, and then the comment will be something like “Isn’t it amazing what evolution produced?” Such comments are classic examples of the subtle brainwashing that repeatedly, persistently occurs in Satan’s world to plant in people preconceived notions that cause them to not give Jehovah the glory he deserves as the Creator.—Revelation 4:11

To illustrate, suppose that a man composes a poem and draws a picture to express his love for a woman. However, when the woman receives these, she assumes that he had just copied them from a greeting card—even though the man had actually done the composing and drawing out of love for her, because of her preconceived notions that no one she could conceivably meet actually does such things for real, the woman fails to appreciate the man’s exceptional heartfelt expression of love, and she fails to give him the credit he deserves for what he actually did. Similarly, even though Jehovah actually out of love created all the wonderful things in the natural world, because of the preconceived notions that Satan has industriously and on an industrial scale worked to implant in people’s minds, many just attribute these wonderful things to evolution, to blind chance, and they fail to give Jehovah the glory he deserves as the Creator. They are like the Israelites mentioned in Isaiah 65:11:

But you are among those forsaking Jehovah,
Those forgetting my holy mountain,
Those setting a table for the god of Good Luck,
And those filling up cups of mixed wine for the god of Destiny.

Actually, though, despite the deeply ingrained preconceived notions that Satan has spread that cause many to assume that evolution produced the wonders found in nature, the obvious logical conclusion is really that the amazingly designed things in the natural world are—fǎn’ér (fǎn’·ér {turning (that) over → [on the contrary]} · {on the other hand} 反而)—clear evidence of an amazing Designer. As the Was Life Created? brochure quotes microbiologist Michael J. Behe as saying:

The strong appearance of design [in nature] allows a disarmingly simple argument: if it looks, walks and quacks like a duck, then, absent compelling evidence to the contrary, we have warrant to conclude it’s a duck. …Design should not be overlooked simply because it’s so obvious.

Preconceived Notions About Learning Mandarin

Us Mandarin field language learners also have to contend with erroneous preconceived notions that are widespread in Satan’s world. For example, Chinese characters are traditionally considered by many to be the primary, most important aspect of the Mandarin language. However, linguists (language scientists) understand that actually, writing fǎn’ér (fǎn’·ér {turning (that) over → [on the contrary]} · {on the other hand} 反而) is only secondary, and that speech is actually the primary aspect of any human language. Also, while most have been conditioned to view Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) as just a pronunciation aid, it fǎn’ér (fǎn’·ér {turning (that) over → [on the contrary]} · {on the other hand} 反而) qualifies as and functions well as a full writing system for Modern Standard Mandarin.

Accepting these linguistic truths will help us Mandarin field language learners to be better equipped to help honest-hearted Mandarin-speakers to get past the evolution-normalizing conditioning and brainwashing from Satan’s world, and to come to appreciate that the wonderfully designed things in the natural world fǎn’ér (fǎn’·ér {turning (that) over → [on the contrary]} · {on the other hand} 反而) are actually the obvious evidence of a wonderful Designer.


For convenience:

The direct link for the current-generation Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource for the Origin of Life brochure is:

The short link for Chinese field language-learning links for the Origin of Life brochure is:

More Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) and Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web material based on the Mandarin Origin of Life brochure will be made available in the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web resource as time allows.