Categories
Science Theocratic

pèngqiǎo

pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance/coincidence] 碰巧) ← Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

The Shēngmìng Láizì Chuàngzào Ma? ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (Lái·zì Came · From 来自 來自) (Chuàng·zào Initiating · {Making, Creating} → [Creating] 创造 創造) (Ma [? ptcl for “yes/no” questions] 吗 嗎)? → [Was Life Created? (lc)]) (Was Life Created? (lc)) brochure and the Shēngmìng de Qǐyuán—Zhíde Sīkǎo de Wǔ Ge Wèntí ((Shēngmìng Life 生命) (de ’s 的) (Qǐ·yuán {Rising → [Starting]} · Source → [Origin] 起源/原)—(Zhí·de Worth · Getting → [Worth] 值得) (Sī·kǎo {Thinking About} · Examining 思考) (de ’s 的) (Wǔ Five 五) (Ge [mw] 个 個/个) (Wèn·tí Asking · Subjects → [Questions] 问题 問題) → [The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)]) (The Origin of Life—Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)) brochure were originally published back in 2010, but recently, the English version of the Was Life Created? brochure was updated to the December 2022 Printing, and the Mandarin version of it was updated to the February 2023 Printing. Also, the Was Life Created? brochure and the Origin of Life brochure are now in the Teaching Toolbox section in the JW Library app. So, it would be good to consider some of the expressions used in the Mandarin versions of these publications that can be so helpful when discussing whether life was created.

What a Coincidence!

This week’s MEotW, “pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance/coincidence] 碰巧)”, which means “by chance” or “by coincidence”, occurs often (24 times, in fact) in section 1 of the Mandarin Origin of Life brochure, which in English is entitled “How Did Life Begin?”. For example, this Mandarin expression occurs twice in this portion of a caption for one of this section’s pictures:

English:

RNA (1) is required to make proteins (2), yet proteins are involved in the production of RNA. How could either one arise by chance, let alone both?…

Mandarin:

📖 📄 📘 Yào ({(there) must} 要) yǒu ({be having} → [be] 有) RNA (1) cái ({only then} 才 才/纔) néng ({would (there) be being able} 能) zhìzào (zhì·zào {to make} · {to create} → [to make] 制造 製造) dànbái zhì ((dàn·bái egg · white → [protein] 蛋白) (zhì substances 质 質) → [proteins]) (2), ér ({and yet} 而) zhìzào (zhì·zào {to make} · {to create} → [to make] 制造 製造) RNA yòu ({on the other hand} 又) xūyào (requires 需要) dànbái zhì ((dàn·bái egg · white → [protein] 蛋白) (zhì substances 质 質) → [proteins]). Zhèi (these 这 這) liǎng (two 两 兩) zhǒng ({types of} 种 種/种) fēnzǐ (fēn·zǐ {divided (off)} · {small and hard things} → [molecules] 分子) zěnme (zěn·me how · [suf] 怎么 怎麼/麽) kěnéng (could 可能) gèzì (gè·zì each · self 各自) pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance] 碰巧) chǎnshēng (chǎn·shēng {be given birth to → [be produced]} · {be given birth to → [be caused to exist]} → [be brought into being] 产生 產生) ne ([? ptcl] 呢)? Liǎngzhě (Liǎng·zhě {two → [both]} · {ones → [of them]} 两者 兩者) tóngshí (tóng·shí {(at the) same} · {(particular) time} 同时 同時) pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance] 碰巧) chǎnshēng (chǎn·shēng {being given birth to → [being produced]} · {being given birth to → [being caused to exist]} → [being brought into being] 产生 產生) jiù (then 就) gèng (more 更) búyòng (bú·yòng not · {do use → [do need]} 不用) shuō ({to speak of} 说 說/説) le ([(at the end of a phrase/sentence) indicates a change] 了). …

Another occurrence of “pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance/coincidence] 碰巧)” in this section of the Mandarin Origin of Life brochure can be found in this portion of highlighted text:

English:

If the creation of complex molecules in the laboratory requires the skill of a scientist, could the far more complex molecules in a cell really arise by chance?

Mandarin:

📖 📄 📘 Shíyàn shì ((Shí·yàn {solidly → [truly]} · testing → [experimenting] 实验 實驗) (shì room 室) → [laboratory]) li (inside 里 裡/裏) héchéng (hé·chéng {close → [combine]} · {to come to be} 合成) de (’s 的) fùzá (fù·zá {turned around → [complex]} · mixed → [complex] 复杂 複雜) fēnzǐ (fēn·zǐ {divided (off)} · {small and hard things} → [molecules] 分子), shì (are 是) kēxuéjiā (kē·xué·jiā {{branches of study} · learning → [science]} · -ist → [scientist] 科学家 科學家) yòng (uses 用) jīngzhàn (jīng·zhàn excellent · deep → [consummate] 精湛) de (’s 的) jìshù (jì·shù skill · technique → [skill] 技术 技術) zhìzào (zhì·zào {to make} · {to create} → [to create] 制造 製造) chulai (chu·lai out · {to come} 出来 出來) de (’s 的), nàme (nà·me {(in) that (case) → [then]} · [suf] 那么/末 那麼/末) xìbāo (xì·bāo tiny · womb → [cell] 细胞 細胞) zhōng (within 中) fùzá (fù·zá {turned around → [complex]} · mixed → [complex] 复杂 複雜) de (getting 得) duō ({to be (much) more} 多) de (’s 的) fēnzǐ (fēn·zǐ {divided (off)} · {small and hard things} → [molecules] 分子) ne ([(what about them) ? ptcl] 呢)? Zhēnde (Zhēn·de (they) really · ’s 真的) yǒu (have 有) kěnéng (kě·néng maybe · {being able} → [possibility] 可能) pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance] 碰巧) chǎnshēng (chǎn·shēng {to be given birth to → [to be produced]} · {to be given birth to → [to be caused to exist]} → [to be brought into being] 产生 產生) ma ([? ptcl for “yes/no” questions] 吗 嗎)?

“Fancy Bumping into…”

The way that “pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance/coincidence] 碰巧)” “works” as an expression is a bit odd. “Pèng (bump; touch; {knock against} 碰)” means “bump into”, and “qiǎo ({[is] clever; intelligent; skillful; ingenious} | {[being] opportune; coincidental} [→ [coincidentally]] 巧)” can mean “being coincidental”, so “pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance/coincidence] 碰巧)” literally means “having bumped into being coincidental”.

We can also note that, like “shìwēi (shì·wēi {showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} · might; power; strength; force → [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration] 示威)” in last week’s MEotW, “pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance/coincidence] 碰巧)” has verb-object construction. (See that post for more information on that.)

Should we believe evolutionists’ claims that life in all its complexity and glory pèngqiǎo (pèng·qiǎo {having bumped into} · {being coincidental} → [by chance] 碰巧) came into being? It would be quite tiānzhēn (tiān·zhēn {(of) heaven → [natural]} · {(following) natural instincts} → [naive] 天真) (a past MEotW) of us to do so!

For convenience:

The direct link for the current generation Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource for the Origin of Life brochure is:

The short link for Chinese field language-learning links for the Origin of Life brochure is:

More Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) and Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web material based on the Mandarin Origin of Life brochure will be made available in the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web resource as time allows.

Categories
Current Events Theocratic

shìwēi kàngyì

shìwēi (shì·wēi {showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} · might; power; strength; force → [demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration] 示威) kàngyì (kàng·yì resisting; fighting; opposing; defying · {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} → [protesting | protest (n)] 抗议 抗議) ← Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

At the time of this writing, perhaps because of the pro-Palestinian protests taking place on campuses across the US, jw.org was featuring the Awake! article “Is Protest the Answer?”. Where the English version of this article uses the word “protest”, the Mandarin version (for which official Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) is available) uses this week’s MEotW, “shìwēi (shì·wēi {showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} · might; power; strength; force → [demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration] 示威) kàngyì (kàng·yì resisting; fighting; opposing; defying · {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} → [protesting | protest (n)] 抗议 抗議)”. For example, the article’s title is rendered in English and Mandarin as follows:

English:

Is Protest the Answer?

Mandarin:

📖 📄 📘 Shìwēi (Shì·wēi Demonstrating · Strength → [Holding Demonstrations] 示威) Kàngyì (Kàng·yì Opposing · Commenting → [Protesting] 抗议 抗議) Néng (Can 能) Jiějué (Jiě·jué {Untie → [Solve]} · Decide → [Solve] 解决 解決) Wèntí (Wèn·tí Asking · Problems → [Problems] 问题 問題) Ma ([? ptcl for “yes/no” questions] 吗 嗎)?

Breakdown

The “shì (show; indicate; notify; instructing; reveal; manifest; demonstrate 示)” in “shìwēi (shì·wēi {showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} · might; power; strength; force → [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration] 示威)” can mean “show” or “demonstrate”, and other expressions in which it appears include “biǎoshì (biǎo·shì indicate; express · show 表示)”, “xiǎnshì (xiǎn·shì {to be evident/obvious} · show 显示 顯示)”, “shìfàn (shì·fàn {showing; demonstrating [of]} · pattern; model; example → [demonstrating; setting an example | demonstration] 示范 示範/范)”, and “Qǐshìlù (Qǐ·shì·lù {Opening → [Enlightening]} · Showing · Record → [Revelation] 启示录 啟示錄)”.

The “wēi (might; power; strength; force 威)” in “shìwēi (shì·wēi {showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} · might; power; strength; force → [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration] 示威)” means “might; power; strength; force”, and it also appears in expressions such as “quánwēi (quán·wēi authority · power 权威 權威)” and “wēixié (wēi·xié {(with) power} · {upper part of the human body → [coerce; force] → [threaten]} → [threaten; menace; imperil; intimidate] 威胁 威脅)”.

So, “shìwēi (shì·wēi {showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} · might; power; strength; force → [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration] 示威)” can mean “demonstration of strength”, as when people hold a demonstration to show how strongly supported their cause is. In different contexts, it can alternately mean “putting on a show of force”.

In “kàngyì (kàng·yì resisting; fighting; opposing; defying · {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} → [protesting | protest (n)] 抗议 抗議)”, “kàng (resist; fight; oppose; defy 抗)” means “resist; fight; oppose; defy”, and other expressions that use it include “dǐkàng (dǐ·kàng resist; withstand · {resist; fight; combat; defy} 抵抗)”, “duìkàng (duì·kàng facing · resisting 对抗 對抗)”, “fǎnkàng (fǎn·kàng {turn over → [oppose]} · resist 反抗)”, and “kàngjù (kàng·jù resist; fight; defy · resist; repel; {ward off} 抗拒)”. The other morpheme “yì (discussing; conferring; {exchanging views}; {talking over}; commenting; remarking [→ [(exchanged) opinion; view]] 议 議)” can mean “discuss” or “comment on”, and it’s also used in “jiànyì (jiàn·yì {build; construct → [propose; advocate]} · discussing → [propose; suggest; recommend] | {building; constructing of → [proposing; advocating of]} · discussing → [proposal; suggestion; recommendation] 建议 建議)” and in recent MEotW “zhēngyì (zhēng·yì contending · discussing [→ [dispute; controversy]] 争议 爭議)”.

So, “kàngyì (kàng·yì resisting; fighting; opposing; defying · {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} → [protesting | protest (n)] 抗议 抗議)” can mean something like “commenting about opposing”, and indeed, a protest is intended to make a statement about opposition to something.

Verbs? Nouns?

The two expressions “shìwēi (shì·wēi {showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} · might; power; strength; force → [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration] 示威)” and “kàngyì (kàng·yì resisting; fighting; opposing; defying · {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} → [protesting | protest (n)] 抗议 抗議)” can each be used on its own, but, as mentioned earlier, they are used together in the above-mentioned Awake! article to correspond with the English word “protest”. Interestingly, just as “protest” can be a verb or a noun, both “shìwēi (shì·wēi {showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} · might; power; strength; force → [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration] 示威)” and “kàngyì (kàng·yì resisting; fighting; opposing; defying · {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} → [protesting | protest (n)] 抗议 抗議)” can also be a verb or a noun.

Additionally, by analyzing it down to the morphemes, we can see that “shìwēi (shì·wēi {showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} · might; power; strength; force → [demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration] 示威)”—which can literally mean “demonstrating strength”—has verb-object construction.

The ABC Chinese-English Dictionary, edited by John DeFrancis and Victor H. Mair, among others, says the following about verb-object construction in Mandarin:

V.O. (Verb-Object Construction, Dòng-Bīn Jiégòu 动宾结构).

Many English verbs get translated into natural Chinese as a verb plus an object noun, e.g. chīfàn for ‘eat’, shuōhuà for ‘speak’, etc. It is important for two reasons to know what is merely a verb in Chinese and what is actually a verb-object construction.

First, verb-object constructions can never take a second object, i.e. chīfàn can never be followed directly by something else to be eaten.

Second, a verb and its object can be separated from one another, thus allowing

(i) aspect particles to be placed directly after the verb, e.g. chīle fàn ‘after finishing eating’;
(ii) modification of the object, e.g. chī Zhōngguófàn ‘eat Chinese food’; and
(iii) quantification of the noun, e.g. chīle sān wǎn fàn ‘ate three bowls of rice’. See also Stative Verb (S.V.).

Categories
Culture Language Learning Science Technology Theocratic

gāogē

gāogē (gāo·gē {(at) high (volume)} · sing 高歌) ← Tap/click to show/hide the “flashcard”

[Notes: Tap/click on a Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to reveal its “flashcard”; tap/click on a “flashcard” or its Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) expression to hide the “flashcard”. 📖 📄 📘 icons mean 📖 Reveal All, 📄 Reveal Advanced, and 📘 Reveal None re all the “flashcards” in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]

Ah, spring, when thoughts of Mandarin field language learners turn to “Where can I find Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) for this year’s convention song?” (Unfortunately, at the time of this writing, there was no official Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) available on the official page for the Mandarin version of this song.) I am happy to report that proofread Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) lyrics or better and proofread musical notation 🎼 with Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) lyrics for this year’s convention song are now available at this unofficial Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource:

2024 convention song “‘Hǎo Xiāoxi’!” (music+_Pīnyīn_), on iPhone 13 mini (landscape orientation)

[Note: As with all the other Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resources, the above-mentioned Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource is made to be supplementary language-learning material for those learning the Mandarin language to help others in the Mandarin field. For spiritual food (which is for you yourself to learn spiritual things from, and which ideally should be in your own mother tongue), please go to jw.org.]

Singing Like Angels

This week’s MEotW, “gāogē (gāo·gē {(at) high (volume)} · sing 高歌)”, comes from the beginning of the Mandarin version of this song:

English:

“Glory in the heights above”—
Good news for all men—

Mandarin:

📖 📄 📘 “Róngyào (glory 荣耀 榮耀) guī ({belongs to} 归 歸) Zhìgāo (Zhì·gāo Most · High 至高) Shàngdì (Shàng·dì Above’s · {Emperor → [God]} → [God] 上帝)!”
Chénxīng (Chén·xīng {early morning} · stars 晨星) dōu (all 都) gāogē (gāo·gē {(at) high (volume)} · sing 高歌).

The first line is taken from Luke 2:13, 14:

Suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly army, praising God and saying: “Glory in the heights above to God, and on earth peace among men of goodwill.”

The second line in the Mandarin lyrics, which mentions “chénxīng (chén·xīng {early morning} · stars 晨星)”, is undoubtedly an allusion to the current Mandarin New World Translation Bible’s rendering of Job 38:7 (WOL, Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus), which uses this expression (“morning stars” in the English NWT Bible) in connection with the angels:

📖 📄 📘 Dāngshí (Dāng·shí {at that} · {(particular) time} 当时 當時) chénxīng (chén·xīng {early morning} · stars 晨星) yìtóng (yì·tóng {(as) one} · together 一同) huānhū (huān·hū joyously · {cried out} 欢呼 歡呼),
Shàngdì (Shàng·dì Above’s · {Emperor → [God]} → [God] 上帝) de (’s 的) érzimen (ér·zi·men sons · [suf for nouns] · [pl] 儿子们 兒子們) quándōu (quán·dōu completely · all 全都) hècǎi (hè·cǎi {shouted loudly} · {(in) applause} 喝彩 喝彩/采).

When the earth was founded and when Jesus was born, did the angels sing quietly and timidly, as if hoping no one would hear them? No! As the Mandarin lyrics say, these angels undoubtedly gāogē (gāo·gē {(at) high (volume)} · sang 高歌), that is, “sang (at) high (volume)”.

Imitating the Angels

How can we imitate the angels when it comes to singing in our worship, even though we are imperfect humans, most of us have not been trained as singers, and many of us don’t feel especially talented at singing? This Watchtower article about our current songbook “Sing Out Joyfully” to Jehovah helps us with this:

Check it out!

Helpful Features

The unofficial Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource mentioned above now includes a link to the above-mentioned Watchtower article in the Tips: section at the bottom of its index (starting) page. It has other features as well that are designed to be especially helpful for Mandarin field language learners.

One of these features is that, except for the minority of Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus lyrics that have been partially proofread (as indicated by a grey background), most of the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) lyrics in this resource (including all of the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) lyrics in the musical notation 🎼) have been fully proofread, and furthermore, have been fully proofread from the viewpoint of Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) being a full writing system (which it actually is), not just a pronunciation aid. That involves word grouping, capitalization, punctuation, etc.

Also, as shown in the picture near the beginning of this post and as mentioned above, this resource combines fully proofread Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) lyrics with musical notation 🎼. No doubt many will find this material with musical notation helpful, especially when singing songs that are relatively rarely used, and that thus may not yet be familiar. (For those who are not yet familiar with musical notation, there are a couple of links about how to read musical notation in the Tips: section at the bottom of the index (starting) page of the resource.) This Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音)+music material is currently available for most of the songs, and is gradually being completed as time allows.

Some features of this Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音)+music material are:

  • Prezoomed to use full screen width
    • This means that this material will automatically zoom out to make best use of the screen of your mobile device—no fiddling with manual zooming is necessary when the music is starting and you need to be ready to sing soon.
  • Easy-to-read font
    • The font used for the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) lyrics was specifically chosen because it’s relatively easy to read. This can especially make a difference on smaller mobile devices.
  • Guitar chords included
    • While guitar chords are (generally) not required for singing at meetings, assemblies, etc., they may come in handy at social gatherings, when one is playing guitar and perhaps singing to practise or for pleasure, etc.

Hopefully, features like those above will help you to gāogē (gāo·gē {(at) high (volume)} · sing 高歌) like the angels, to sing out joyfully and loudly at Mandarin meetings, conventions, etc., even though you are “just” a Mandarin field language learner.

For convenience:

The direct link for the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus resource for the “Sing Out Joyfully” book is:

The short link for Chinese field language-learning links for the “Sing Out Joyfully” book is:

More Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) and Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web material based on the Mandarin “Sing Out Joyfully” book will be made available in the Pīnyīn (Pīn·yīn {Piecing Together of} · Sounds → [Pinyin] 拼音) Plus web resource as time allows.