{"id":7490,"date":"2026-02-15T23:37:21","date_gmt":"2026-02-16T07:37:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/?p=7490"},"modified":"2026-02-20T11:49:20","modified_gmt":"2026-02-20T19:49:20","slug":"jijiao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2026\/02\/15\/jijiao\/","title":{"rendered":"j\u00ecji\u00e0o"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n\t\t\tj\u00ecji\u00e0o<\/span>\n\t\t\t(j\u00ec\u00b7ji\u00e0o\n\t\t\tcount; calculate \u00b7 {dispute [about]} [\u2192 [haggle over; fuss about; bother about; bicker]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u8a08\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t \ud83d\udc48\ud83c\udffc Tap\/click to show\/hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>\n<\/h3>\n\n

[Notes:<\/strong> Tap\/click on a P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to reveal its <\/span>\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>; tap\/click on a <\/span>\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span> or its P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to hide the<\/span> \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>. \ud83d\udcd6<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6<\/span> Reveal All<\/strong>, \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> Reveal Advanced<\/strong>, and \ud83d\udcd8 Reveal None<\/strong> re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d<\/span> in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]<\/p>\n

I have long especially liked 1 Corinthians 13<\/a>. It contains counsel on what really does and doesn\u2019t matter in life, an extensive description and definition of the most important kind of love, and a sublime discussion about the need to become complete, mature, as a person. As these apply to life in general, so too do they apply to our lives as Mandarin field language learners.<\/p>\n

As Mandarin field language learners, it can benefit us greatly to consider what we can learn from 1 Corinthians 13, and along the way, we can also consider some of the Mandarin expressions used in that chapter<\/a> in the current version of the Mandarin New World Translation<\/i> Bible (nwtsty).<\/p>\n

\u2018Keeping Account of the Injury\u2019<\/h4>\n

This week\u2019s MEotW, \u201cj\u00ecji\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(j\u00ec\u00b7ji\u00e0o\n\t\t\tcount; calculate \u00b7 {dispute [about]} [\u2192 [haggle over; fuss about; bother about; bicker]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u8a08\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> is used in verse 5 (WOL<\/a>) of 1 Corinthians 13:<\/p>\n

\"Screenshot<\/p>\n

(Dark mode for the Watchtower ONLINE LIBRARY (WOL) website, as shown in the above image, can be enabled in the Safari web browser by using the Noir<\/a> Safari extension. Other web browsers may also have extensions with similar functionality.)<\/p>\n

For comparison, here are the current English and P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus renderings of 1 Corinthians 13:5:<\/p>\n

English<\/a>:<\/p>\n

\ndoes not behave indecently, does not look for its own interests, does not become provoked. It does not keep account of<\/strong> the injury.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus<\/a>:<\/p>\n

\n\n\t\t\t\ud83d\udcd6<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \ud83d\udcd8<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tb\u00fa<\/span>\n\t\t\t(not<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4e0d)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tzu\u00f2<\/span>\n\t\t\t({does do}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u505a)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tb\u00f9<\/span>\n\t\t\t(not<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4e0d)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tgu\u012bju<\/span>\n\t\t\t(gu\u012b\u00b7ju\n\t\t\t(following) {dividers \u2192 [rules]} \u00b7 {carpenter\u2019s squares \u2192 [regulations]} \u2192<\/span> [following established standards]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u89c4\u77e9\n\t\t\t\u898f\u77e9<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tde<\/span>\n\t\t\t(\u2019<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u7684)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tsh\u00ec<\/span>\n\t\t\t(things<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4e8b)<\/span>,\n\n\t\t\tb\u00f9<\/span>\n\t\t\t(not<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4e0d)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tqi\u00fa<\/span>\n\t\t\t({does seek}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6c42)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tz\u00ecj\u01d0<\/span>\n\t\t\t(self<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u81ea\u5df1)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tde<\/span>\n\t\t\t(\u2019s<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u7684)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tl\u00ecy\u00ec<\/span>\n\t\t\t(l\u00ec\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\t{sharpening \u2192 [advantage]} \u00b7 benefit \u2192<\/span> [benefit]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u5229\u76ca)<\/span>,\n\n\t\t\tb\u00f9<\/span>\n\t\t\t(not<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4e0d)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tq\u012bngy\u00ec<\/span>\n\t\t\t(q\u012bng\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\tlightly \u00b7 easily<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8f7b\u6613\n\t\t\t\u8f15\u6613<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\td\u00f2ngn\u00f9<\/span>\n\t\t\t(d\u00f2ng\u00b7n\u00f9\n\t\t\t{does have moved} \u00b7 anger \u2192<\/span> [does get angry]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u52a8\u6012\n\t\t\t\u52d5\u6012<\/span>)<\/span>,\n\n\t\t\tb\u00fa<\/span>\n\t\t\t(not<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4e0d)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tj\u00ecji\u00e0o<\/span>\n\t\t\t(j\u00ec\u00b7ji\u00e0o\n\t\t\t{does count} \u00b7 {does dispute about}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u8a08\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/strong>\n\n\t\t\tbi\u00e9ren<\/span>\n\t\t\t(bi\u00e9\u00b7ren\n\t\t\tother \u00b7 people<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u522b\u4eba\n\t\t\t\u5225\u4eba<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tz\u00e0och\u00e9ng<\/span>\n\t\t\t(z\u00e0o\u00b7ch\u00e9ng\n\t\t\t{have created} \u00b7 {to come to be}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u9020\u6210)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tde<\/span>\n\t\t\t(\u2019s<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u7684)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tsh\u0101ngh\u00e0i<\/span>\n\t\t\t(injuring \u2192<\/span> [injury]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4f24\u5bb3\n\t\t\t\u50b7\u5bb3<\/span>)<\/span>,\n\n\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The \u201cj\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(counting; computing; calculating; numbering [\u2192 [plot; plan (n<\/i> or v<\/i>)]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\n\t\t\t\u8a08<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> in \u201cj\u00ecji\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(j\u00ec\u00b7ji\u00e0o\n\t\t\tcount; calculate \u00b7 {dispute [about]} [\u2192 [haggle over; fuss about; bother about; bicker]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u8a08\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> can mean \u201ccount; calculate\u201d, and it also appears in \u201cj\u00ecsu\u00e0n<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(j\u00ec\u00b7su\u00e0n\n\t\t\tcounting; computing; calculating \u00b7 computing; calculating; figuring<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\u7b97\n\t\t\t\u8a08\u7b97<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d.<\/i> As for the \u201cji\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(compare; contrast | dispute | {being compared} \u2192<\/span> [comparatively; relatively; fairly; quite; rather | clear[ly]; obvious[ly]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> in \u201cj\u00ecji\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(j\u00ec\u00b7ji\u00e0o\n\t\t\tcount; calculate \u00b7 {dispute [about]} [\u2192 [haggle over; fuss about; bother about; bicker]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u8a08\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> while it means \u201ccompare; contrast\u201d in \u201cb\u01d0ji\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(compare; contrast | {being compared} \u2192<\/span> [comparatively; relatively; fairly; quite; rather] | comparing \u2192<\/span> [comparison]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6bd4\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u6bd4\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> in \u201cj\u00ecji\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(j\u00ec\u00b7ji\u00e0o\n\t\t\tcount; calculate \u00b7 {dispute [about]} [\u2192 [haggle over; fuss about; bother about; bicker]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u8a08\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> it has its older meaning of \u201cdispute\u201d.<\/p>\n

Interestingly, besides its morphemes<\/a>\u2019 literal meanings of \u201ccount; calculate \u00b7 dispute\u201d, \u201cj\u00ecji\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(j\u00ec\u00b7ji\u00e0o\n\t\t\tcount; calculate \u00b7 {dispute [about]} [\u2192 [haggle over; fuss about; bother about; bicker]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u8a08\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> can also mean \u201chaggle over; fuss about; bother about; bicker\u201d in some settings. In 1 Corinthians 13:5 in the current English and Mandarin versions of the New World Translation<\/i> Bible, it corresponds with the English expression \u201ckeep account of\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nitpicking\u2026<\/h4>\n

Every human-designed system has its shortcomings and negative aspects, including P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span>.<\/i> However, is it advantageous or helpful to harp on or \u201cfuss about\u201d its potentially negative aspects without considering the whole picture?<\/p>\n

For example, some make a fuss about the many homophones (different words that sound the same) in Mandarin, saying that they make P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> unsuitable to be a full writing system for Mandarin. In the overall picture of reality, though, since P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> is just a relatively simple representation of Mandarin speech, homophones are no more a problem when people use P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> than they are when people speak Mandarin.<\/em> People have learned to deal with the challenge of homophones when speaking Mandarin by using sufficient clarifying context, and so people can similarly understand P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span>,<\/i> homophones and all.<\/p>\n

(People who say they have trouble understanding P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> because of homophones may actually be showing that the texts they are reading were written without sufficient context, and were relying on characters as a crutch rather than accurately representing Mandarin speech like they should. Or, these people may be showing that they themselves don\u2019t actually understand spoken Mandarin very well, rather than that P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> has some inherent shortcoming, when it just simply and directly represents spoken Mandarin.)<\/p>\n

Conversely, in the overall picture, characters have the parallel problem of homographs,<\/em> characters that could represent multiple different words. So, making an anti-P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> fuss over Mandarin homophones amounts to j\u00ecji\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(j\u00ec\u00b7ji\u00e0o\n\t\t\tcounting \u00b7 {disputing about} (things) \u2192<\/span> [fussing about (things)]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8ba1\u8f83\n\t\t\t\u8a08\u8f03<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/i> nitpicking over a problem that\u2019s being adequately handled, while offering a solution in the characters that has its own corresponding problem.<\/p>\n

Another objection to P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> that I have heard is that it makes some English-speaking Mandarin learners think of English sounds, so the Mandarin they speak doesn\u2019t sound like native Mandarin. For this reason, some say, it would be better to use Chinese characters or Zh\u00f9y\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(Zh\u00f9\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Annotating of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Zhuyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6ce8\u97f3\n\t\t\t\u8a3b\/\u6ce8\u97f3<\/span>)<\/span>,<\/i> which would not similarly remind people of English. Is this a real thing? Or, is it just an excuse used by some who are infected by Exotic East Syndrome<\/a> to focus on \u201cexotic\u201d Eastern systems rather than the \u201cmundane\u201d Latin alphabet used by English and P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span>?<\/i><\/p>\n

I do not doubt that some, even many, English-speaking Mandarin learners think of English sounds when they see P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span>,<\/i> but this is actually not a shortcoming of P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> itself, but rather, a rookie mistake<\/a> on the part of these English-speaking Mandarin learners, who have not yet trained themselves to recognize P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> as a system that actually represents Mandarin<\/em> sounds, not English sounds. It may also indicate that these Mandarin learners still need to become more familiar with and used to the sounds of Mandarin in the first place. The article P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i> Is a Good, Workable Writing System on Its Own<\/a> has an entire section<\/a> on this, part of which says:<\/p>\n

\nAs English-speaking Mandarin-learners get more familiar with the sounds of correct Mandarin speech, they can come to get used to correctly mentally connecting P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i> to correct Mandarin<\/em> sounds, rather than to English sounds. Then, they can regularly and reliably use P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i> to help them speak Mandarin-sounding Mandarin, just like people regularly and reliably use written French to help them speak French-sounding French.<\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u2026While Ignoring White Elephants<\/h4>\n

Rather than just nitpicking and harping on the real or perceived shortcomings of P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> in order to support the traditionally imposed Chinese characters, let us not overlook the white elephant<\/a> in the room regarding the inhumanly and inhumanely complex characters\u2014learning and remembering them is extremely difficult and costly<\/em> in terms of time and effort, especially compared to comparatively simple and elegant P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span>.<\/i> Let us not \u201cstrain out the gnat but gulp down the camel\u201d like the scribes and Pharisees of Jesus\u2019 day did. (Matthew 23:24<\/a>) Yes, let us not incorrectly look down on P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> as merely being training wheels when it is really regular wheels, and let us also not just swallow the reality that Chinese characters are actually more like square<\/em> wheels than regular wheels!<\/p>\n

\n\t\"Lego<\/p>\n

The problem is not that P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> is like training wheels, because P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> is actually like regular wheels. The real problem is that characters are like square<\/em> wheels!<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[Notes: Tap\/click on a expression to reveal its \u201cflashcard\u201d; tap\/click on a \u201cflashcard\u201d or its expression to hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d. \ud83d\udcd6 \ud83d\udcc4 \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6 Reveal All, \ud83d\udcc4 Reveal Advanced, and \ud83d\udcd8 Reveal None re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.] I have long […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,19,108,15],"tags":[232,25,58,235,26,171,260,381,103,222,12,234,71,29,229,78,233,24,633,632,136,77,631,126,32],"class_list":["post-7490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-language-learning","category-technology","category-theocratic","tag-1-corinthians-13","tag-chinese-characters","tag-context","tag-dark-mode","tag-english","tag-exotic-east-syndrome","tag-french","tag-homographs","tag-homophones","tag-latin-alphabet","tag-mandarin","tag-noir","tag-pharisees","tag-pinyin","tag-pinyin-is-a-good-workable-writing-system-on-its-own","tag-pinyin-plus","tag-safari","tag-speech","tag-square-wheels","tag-training-wheels","tag-usage-examples","tag-watchtower-online-library","tag-white-elephants","tag-writing-systems","tag-zhuyin"],"yoast_head":"\nj\u00ecji\u00e0o - 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