{"id":6531,"date":"2025-06-24T11:05:32","date_gmt":"2025-06-24T18:05:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/?p=6531"},"modified":"2025-06-29T22:11:30","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T05:11:30","slug":"zhongwen-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2025\/06\/24\/zhongwen-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3>\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7w\u00e9n\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Writing<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u6587)<\/span> <span style=\"color: hsl(100, 85%, 40%);\"> \u2190 Tap\/click to show\/hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p>[This is a reposting of a <a href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2020\/10\/26\/zhongwen\/\" title=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n - Mandarin Expression of the Week\">post<\/a> that was originally posted on October 26, 2020. It\u2019s about something that is fundamentally important for Mandarin field language learners to understand correctly.]<\/p>\n<p>As discussed in <a href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2020\/10\/19\/zhongguo\/\" title=\"Zh\u014dnggu\u00f3 - Mandarin Expression of the Week\">a previous MEotW<\/a>, the expression \n\u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dnggu\u00f3<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7gu\u00f3\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">Central \u00b7 Nation \u2192<\/span> [China]<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u56fd\n<span class=\"trad\">\u4e2d\u570b<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d\n is commonly used to refer to China, since historically, China views itself as the centre of the world, so much so, in fact, that it is the only nation to name itself as such. We can see then that Mandarin expressions starting with \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<\/span>\n\u4e2d)<\/span>-\u201d\n can refer to things related to China.<\/p>\n<p>In that case then, are \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dnghu\u00e0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7hu\u00e0\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Speech<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u8bdd\n<span class=\"trad\">\u4e2d\u8a71<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d or \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dngy\u01d4<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7y\u01d4\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Language<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u8bed\n<span class=\"trad\">\u4e2d\u8a9e<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d used to refer to any Chinese language, similarly to how \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>p\u01d4t\u014dnghu\u00e0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(p\u01d4\u00b7t\u014dng\u00b7hu\u00e0\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">common; universal \u00b7 {through(out) \u2192 [common]} \u00b7 speech \u2192<\/span> [(Modern Standard) Mandarin (term commonly used in China)]<\/span>\n\u666e\u901a\u8bdd\n<span class=\"trad\">\u666e\u901a\u8a71<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d and \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Gu\u00f3y\u01d4<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Gu\u00f3\u00b7y\u01d4\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">National \u00b7 Language \u2192<\/span> [(Modern Standard) Mandarin (term commonly used in Taiwan)]<\/span>\n\u56fd\u8bed\n<span class=\"trad\">\u570b\u8a9e<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d are used to refer to Mandarin? Apparently not, according to my dictionaries.<\/p>\n<p>Instead, Chinese people commonly use \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7w\u00e9n\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Writing<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u6587)<\/span>\u201d\u2014this week\u2019s MEotW\u2014to mean \u201cChinese language\u201d. It should be noted, though, that although \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7w\u00e9n\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Writing<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u6587)<\/span>\u201d is often used to refer to Chinese speech (e.g., in \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>shu\u014d<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(<span class=\"mt\">speak<\/span>\n\u8bf4\n<span class=\"trad\">\u8aaa\/\u8aac<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7w\u00e9n\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Writing<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u6587)<\/span>\u201d (\u201cspeak Chinese\u201d)), \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>w\u00e9n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(<span class=\"mt\">writing; script [\u2192 [language | culture]]<\/span>\n\u6587)<\/span>\u201d really means \u201c<em>writing<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Why do so many Chinese people thus conflate writing with speech and language, when they, while related, are really distinctly different things? This seems to be a symptom of the deeply ingrained Chinese cultural conceit that the Chinese characters are the primary aspect of the Chinese languages\u2014to many Chinese people, the characters <em>are<\/em> the language. This is contrary to the principle recognized by modern linguists (language scientists) that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ling.upenn.edu\/courses\/Fall_2007\/ling001\/approaches.html#:~:text=Speech%20is%20primary%2C%20writing%20is%20secondary%20and%20is%20always%20derivative%20of%20speech.\" title=\"Linguistics 001 -- Perspectives and Approaches\"><em>speech<\/em> is the primary aspect of any language, not writing<\/a>. The truth of this basic linguistic principle is shown by the fact that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ethnologue.com\/faq\/how-many-languages-unwritten\/\" title=\"How many languages in the world are unwritten? | Ethnologue Free\">many languages don\u2019t even <em>have<\/em> a writing system<\/a>, showing that the required foundation of a language is its <em>speech<\/em>, not its writing.<\/p>\n<p>Our Creator himself touches on this matter in his Word the Bible:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>8<\/strong> For if the trumpet sounds an indistinct call, who will get ready for battle? <strong>9<\/strong> In the same way, unless you with the tongue use speech that is easily understood, how will anyone know what is being said? You will, in fact, be speaking into the air. <strong>10<\/strong> It may be that there are many kinds of speech in the world, and yet no kind is without meaning. <strong>11<\/strong> For if I do not understand the sense of the speech, I will be a foreigner to the one speaking, and the one speaking will be a foreigner to me.\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/wol.jw.org\/en\/wol\/b\/r1\/lp-e\/nwtsty\/46\/14#v=46:14:8-46:14:11\" title=\"1 Corinthians 14 \u2014 Watchtower ONLINE LIBRARY\">1 Corinthians 14:8\u201311<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Yes, Jehovah God himself, the One who designed us with our ability to use language, emphasizes the primary importance of <em>understandable speech<\/em> when it comes to communicating with people, especially when communicating about the potentially life-saving good news of the Kingdom.<\/p>\n<p>Chinese people, however, often have the mistaken view, based on nothing more than deeply ingrained human tradition and not a little cultural pride, that their characters writing system is the primary aspect of the Chinese languages. So, we must take that into consideration when they or people deferring to them erroneously tell us, with all sincerity, that we need to focus first on Chinese characters in our efforts to learn one or more of the Chinese languages. The truth, as testified to by both real language experts among humans and by the Creator himself, is that <em>speech<\/em>\u2014both <em>understanding speech<\/em> and <em>speaking understandably<\/em>\u2014should be our primary focus as Chinese field language-learners.<\/p>\n<p>Regarding the expression \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7w\u00e9n\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Writing<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u6587)<\/span>\u201d, another thing I have noticed is that when Mandarin-speakers say \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7w\u00e9n\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Writing<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u6587)<\/span>\u201d, they mean <em>Mandarin<\/em> speech, but when Cantonese-speakers say \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7w\u00e9n\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Central \u2192<\/span> [Chinese]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Writing<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u6587)<\/span>\u201d in Cantonese, they mean <em>Cantonese<\/em> speech. As a Chinese person, I must reluctantly admit that with such habits, and with naming their nation \n\u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>Zh\u014dnggu\u00f3<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(Zh\u014dng\u00b7gu\u00f3\n<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">Central \u00b7 Nation \u2192<\/span> [China]<\/span>\n\u4e2d\u56fd\n<span class=\"trad\">\u4e2d\u570b<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d, the central nation of the world, many Chinese people have taken quite far the tendency of imperfect humans to consider themselves the centre of the universe!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[This is a reposting of a post that was originally posted on October 26, 2020. It\u2019s about something that is fundamentally important for Mandarin field language learners to understand correctly.] As discussed in a previous MEotW, the expression is commonly used to refer to China, since historically, China views itself as the centre of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,19,11,176],"tags":[28,534,22,25,97,12,236,99,24,296,458,126],"class_list":["post-6531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-language-learning","category-languages","category-science","tag-cantonese","tag-character-chauvinism","tag-china","tag-chinese-characters","tag-linguistics","tag-mandarin","tag-pride","tag-sinocentrism","tag-speech","tag-tradition","tag-writing","tag-writing-systems"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n - Mandarin Expression of the Week<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2025\/06\/24\/zhongwen-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n - Mandarin Expression of the Week\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[This is a reposting of a post that was originally posted on October 26, 2020. 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