{"id":4740,"date":"2024-05-05T21:28:35","date_gmt":"2024-05-06T04:28:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/?p=4740"},"modified":"2024-05-11T13:17:11","modified_gmt":"2024-05-11T20:17:11","slug":"shiwei-kangyi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2024\/05\/05\/shiwei-kangyi\/","title":{"rendered":"sh\u00ecw\u0113i k\u00e0ngy\u00ec"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n\t\t\tsh\u00ecw\u0113i<\/span>\n\t\t\t(sh\u00ec\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\t{showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} \u00b7 might; power; strength; force \u2192<\/span> [demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u5a01)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tk\u00e0ngy\u00ec<\/span>\n\t\t\t(k\u00e0ng\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\tresisting; fighting; opposing; defying \u00b7 {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} \u2192<\/span> [protesting | protest (n)<\/i>]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t \u2190 Tap\/click to show\/hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>\n<\/h3>\n\n

[Notes:<\/strong> Tap\/click on a P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to reveal its <\/span>\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>; tap\/click on a <\/span>\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span> or its P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to hide the<\/span> \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>. \ud83d\udcd6<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6<\/span> Reveal All<\/strong>, \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> Reveal Advanced<\/strong>, and \ud83d\udcd8 Reveal None<\/strong> re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d<\/span> in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]<\/p>\n

At the time of this writing, perhaps because of the pro-Palestinian protests taking place on campuses across the US<\/a>, jw.org<\/a> was featuring the Awake!<\/i> article \u201cIs Protest the Answer?<\/a>\u201d. Where the English version of this article uses the word \u201cprotest\u201d, the Mandarin version<\/a> (for which official P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> is available) uses this week\u2019s MEotW, \u201csh\u00ecw\u0113i<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(sh\u00ec\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\t{showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} \u00b7 might; power; strength; force \u2192<\/span> [demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u5a01)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tk\u00e0ngy\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(k\u00e0ng\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\tresisting; fighting; opposing; defying \u00b7 {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} \u2192<\/span> [protesting | protest (n)<\/i>]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d.<\/i> For example, the article\u2019s title is rendered in English and Mandarin as follows:<\/p>\n

English:<\/p>\n

\nIs Protest<\/strong> the Answer?\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Mandarin:<\/p>\n

\n\n\t\t\t\ud83d\udcd6<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \ud83d\udcd8<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSh\u00ecw\u0113i<\/span>\n\t\t\t(Sh\u00ec\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\tDemonstrating \u00b7 Strength \u2192<\/span> [Holding Demonstrations]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u5a01)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tK\u00e0ngy\u00ec<\/span>\n\t\t\t(K\u00e0ng\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\tOpposing \u00b7 Commenting \u2192<\/span> [Protesting]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/strong>\n\n\t\t\tN\u00e9ng<\/span> \n\t\t\t(Can<\/span> \n\t\t\t\u80fd)<\/span> \n\n\t\t\tJi\u011bju\u00e9<\/span>\n\t\t\t(Ji\u011b\u00b7ju\u00e9\n\t\t\t{Untie \u2192 [Solve]} \u00b7 Decide \u2192<\/span> [Solve]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u89e3\u51b3\n\t\t\t\u89e3\u6c7a<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tW\u00e8nt\u00ed<\/span>\n\t\t\t(W\u00e8n\u00b7t\u00ed\n\t\t\tAsking \u00b7 Problems \u2192<\/span> [Problems]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u95ee\u9898\n\t\t\t\u554f\u984c<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\tMa<\/span> \n\t\t\t([? ptcl for \u201cyes\/no\u201d questions]<\/i><\/span> \n\t\t\t\u5417 \n\t\t\t\u55ce<\/span>)<\/span>?\n\n\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Breakdown<\/h4>\n

The \u201csh\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(show; indicate; notify; instructing; reveal; manifest; demonstrate<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> in \u201csh\u00ecw\u0113i<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(sh\u00ec\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\t{showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} \u00b7 might; power; strength; force \u2192<\/span> [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u5a01)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> can mean \u201cshow\u201d or \u201cdemonstrate\u201d, and other expressions in which it appears include \u201cbi\u01ceosh\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(bi\u01ceo\u00b7sh\u00ec\n\t\t\tindicate; express \u00b7 show<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8868\u793a)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> \u201cxi\u01censh\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(xi\u01cen\u00b7sh\u00ec\n\t\t\t{to be evident\/obvious} \u00b7 show<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u663e\u793a\n\t\t\t\u986f\u793a<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> \u201csh\u00ecf\u00e0n<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(sh\u00ec\u00b7f\u00e0n\n\t\t\t{showing; demonstrating [of]} \u00b7 pattern; model; example \u2192<\/span> [demonstrating; setting an example | demonstration]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u8303\n\t\t\t\u793a\u7bc4\/\u8303<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> and \u201cQ\u01d0sh\u00ecl\u00f9<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(Q\u01d0\u00b7sh\u00ec\u00b7l\u00f9\n\t\t\t{Opening \u2192 [Enlightening]} \u00b7 Showing \u00b7 Record \u2192<\/span> [Revelation]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u542f\u793a\u5f55\n\t\t\t\u555f\u793a\u9304<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n

The \u201cw\u0113i<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(might; power; strength; force<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u5a01)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> in \u201csh\u00ecw\u0113i<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(sh\u00ec\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\t{showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} \u00b7 might; power; strength; force \u2192<\/span> [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u5a01)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> means \u201cmight; power; strength; force\u201d, and it also appears in expressions such as \u201cqu\u00e1nw\u0113i<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(qu\u00e1n\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\tauthority \u00b7 power<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6743\u5a01\n\t\t\t\u6b0a\u5a01<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> and \u201cw\u0113ixi\u00e9<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(w\u0113i\u00b7xi\u00e9\n\t\t\t{(with) power} \u00b7 {upper part of the human body \u2192 [coerce; force] \u2192 [threaten]} \u2192<\/span> [threaten; menace; imperil; intimidate]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u5a01\u80c1\n\t\t\t\u5a01\u8105<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d.<\/i><\/p>\n

So, \u201csh\u00ecw\u0113i<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(sh\u00ec\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\t{showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} \u00b7 might; power; strength; force \u2192<\/span> [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u5a01)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> can mean \u201cdemonstration of strength\u201d, as when people hold a demonstration to show how strongly supported their cause is. In different contexts, it can alternately mean \u201cputting on a show of force\u201d.<\/p>\n

In \u201ck\u00e0ngy\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(k\u00e0ng\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\tresisting; fighting; opposing; defying \u00b7 {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} \u2192<\/span> [protesting | protest (n)<\/i>]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> \u201ck\u00e0ng<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(resist; fight; oppose; defy<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6297)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> means \u201cresist; fight; oppose; defy\u201d, and other expressions that use it include \u201cd\u01d0k\u00e0ng<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(d\u01d0\u00b7k\u00e0ng\n\t\t\tresist; withstand \u00b7 {resist; fight; combat; defy}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62b5\u6297)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> \u201cdu\u00eck\u00e0ng<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(du\u00ec\u00b7k\u00e0ng\n\t\t\tfacing \u00b7 resisting<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u5bf9\u6297\n\t\t\t\u5c0d\u6297<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> \u201cf\u01cenk\u00e0ng<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(f\u01cen\u00b7k\u00e0ng\n\t\t\t{turn over \u2192<\/span> [oppose]}<\/span> \u00b7 resist<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u53cd\u6297)<\/span>\u201d,<\/i> and \u201ck\u00e0ngj\u00f9<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(k\u00e0ng\u00b7j\u00f9\n\t\t\tresist; fight; defy \u00b7 resist; repel; {ward off}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6297\u62d2)<\/span>\u201d.<\/i> The other morpheme<\/a> \u201cy\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(discussing; conferring; {exchanging views}; {talking over}; commenting; remarking [\u2192 [(exchanged) opinion; view]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> can mean \u201cdiscuss\u201d or \u201ccomment on\u201d, and it\u2019s also used in \u201cji\u00e0ny\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(ji\u00e0n\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\t{build; construct \u2192 [propose; advocate]} \u00b7 discussing \u2192<\/span> [propose; suggest; recommend] | {building; constructing of \u2192 [proposing; advocating of]} \u00b7 discussing \u2192<\/span> [proposal; suggestion; recommendation]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u5efa\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u5efa\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> and in recent MEotW<\/a> \u201czh\u0113ngy\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(zh\u0113ng\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\tcontending \u00b7 discussing [\u2192 [dispute; controversy]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4e89\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u722d\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d.<\/i> <\/p>\n

So, \u201ck\u00e0ngy\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(k\u00e0ng\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\tresisting; fighting; opposing; defying \u00b7 {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} \u2192<\/span> [protesting | protest (n)<\/i>]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> can mean something like \u201ccommenting about opposing\u201d, and indeed, a protest is intended to make a statement about opposition to something.<\/p>\n

Verbs? Nouns?<\/h4>\n

The two expressions \u201csh\u00ecw\u0113i<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(sh\u00ec\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\t{showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} \u00b7 might; power; strength; force \u2192<\/span> [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u5a01)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> and\n\n\t\t\t\u201ck\u00e0ngy\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(k\u00e0ng\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\tresisting; fighting; opposing; defying \u00b7 {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} \u2192<\/span> [protesting | protest (n)<\/i>]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> can each be used on its own, but, as mentioned earlier, they are used together in the above-mentioned Awake!<\/i> article to correspond with the English word \u201cprotest\u201d. Interestingly, just as \u201cprotest\u201d can be a verb or a noun, both \u201csh\u00ecw\u0113i<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(sh\u00ec\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\t{showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} \u00b7 might; power; strength; force \u2192<\/span> [putting on a show of force | demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u5a01)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> and\n\n\t\t\t\u201ck\u00e0ngy\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(k\u00e0ng\u00b7y\u00ec\n\t\t\tresisting; fighting; opposing; defying \u00b7 {discussing | commenting [on]; remarking [on]} \u2192<\/span> [protesting | protest (n)<\/i>]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8bae\n\t\t\t\u6297\u8b70<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> can also be a verb or a noun.<\/p>\n

Additionally, by analyzing it down to the morphemes<\/a>, we can see that \u201csh\u00ecw\u0113i<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t(sh\u00ec\u00b7w\u0113i\n\t\t\t{showing; indicating; revealing; manifesting; demonstrating [of]} \u00b7 might; power; strength; force \u2192<\/span> [demonstrating (as a protest); marching; holding a demonstration | demonstration]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u793a\u5a01)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>\u2014which can literally mean \u201cdemonstrating strength\u201d\u2014has verb-object construction.<\/p>\n

The ABC Chinese-English Dictionary<\/i><\/a>, edited by John DeFrancis<\/a> and Victor H. Mair<\/a>, among others, says the following about verb-object construction<\/a> in Mandarin:<\/p>\n

\nV.O.<\/strong> (Verb-Object Construction, D\u00f2ng-B\u012bn Ji\u00e9g\u00f2u<\/strong> \u52a8\u5bbe\u7ed3\u6784).<\/p>\n

Many English verbs get translated into natural Chinese as a verb plus an object noun, e.g. ch\u012bf\u00e0n<\/strong> for ‘eat’, shu\u014dhu\u00e0<\/strong> for ‘speak’, etc. It is important for two reasons to know what is merely a verb in Chinese and what is actually a verb-object construction. <\/p>\n

First, verb-object constructions can never take a second object, i.e. ch\u012bf\u00e0n<\/strong> can never be followed directly by something else to be eaten.<\/p>\n

Second, a verb and its object can be separated from one another, thus allowing<\/p>\n

(i) aspect particles to be placed directly after the verb, e.g. ch\u012ble f\u00e0n<\/strong> ‘after finishing eating’;
\n(ii) modification of the object, e.g. ch\u012b Zh\u014dnggu\u00f3f\u00e0n<\/strong> ‘eat Chinese food’; and
\n(iii) quantification of the noun, e.g. ch\u012ble s\u0101n w\u01cen f\u00e0n<\/strong> ‘ate three bowls of rice’. See also Stative Verb (S.V.).\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[Notes: Tap\/click on a expression to reveal its \u201cflashcard\u201d; tap\/click on a \u201cflashcard\u201d or its expression to hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d. \ud83d\udcd6 \ud83d\udcc4 \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6 Reveal All, \ud83d\udcc4 Reveal Advanced, and \ud83d\udcd8 Reveal None re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.] At the time […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61,15],"tags":[90,240,346,53,31,119,78,143,136,138,54,30],"class_list":["post-4740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-events","category-theocratic","tag-abc-chinese-english-dictionary","tag-awake","tag-gaza-israel-conflict","tag-grammar","tag-john-defrancis","tag-jw-org","tag-pinyin-plus","tag-related-expressions","tag-usage-examples","tag-verb-object-construction","tag-verbal-nouns","tag-victor-h-mair"],"yoast_head":"\nsh\u00ecw\u0113i k\u00e0ngy\u00ec - Mandarin Expression of the Week<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2024\/05\/05\/shiwei-kangyi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"sh\u00ecw\u0113i k\u00e0ngy\u00ec - Mandarin Expression of the Week\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[Notes: Tap\/click on a expression to reveal its \u201cflashcard\u201d; tap\/click on a \u201cflashcard\u201d or its expression to hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d. \ud83d\udcd6 \ud83d\udcc4 \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6 Reveal All, \ud83d\udcc4 Reveal Advanced, and \ud83d\udcd8 Reveal None re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.] At the time […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2024\/05\/05\/shiwei-kangyi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mandarin Expression of the Week\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-05-06T04:28:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-11T20:17:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"tiandi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@TiandiLinksNews\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@TiandiLinksNews\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"tiandi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/troubadourworks.com\\\/tiandi\\\/meotw\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/05\\\/shiwei-kangyi\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/troubadourworks.com\\\/tiandi\\\/meotw\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/05\\\/shiwei-kangyi\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"tiandi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/troubadourworks.com\\\/tiandi\\\/meotw\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/86583c7b099e090dfeb296aa818abb57\"},\"headline\":\"sh\u00ecw\u0113i k\u00e0ngy\u00ec\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-05-06T04:28:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-11T20:17:11+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/troubadourworks.com\\\/tiandi\\\/meotw\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/05\\\/shiwei-kangyi\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1164,\"commentCount\":1,\"keywords\":[\"ABC Chinese-English Dictionary\",\"Awake!\",\"Gaza-Israel Conflict\",\"Grammar\",\"John DeFrancis\",\"jw.org\",\"P\u012bny\u012bn Plus\",\"Related Expressions\",\"Usage Examples\",\"Verb-Object Construction\",\"Verbal Nouns\",\"Victor H. 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