{"id":4331,"date":"2023-12-31T22:42:19","date_gmt":"2024-01-01T06:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/?p=4331"},"modified":"2024-01-02T22:27:07","modified_gmt":"2024-01-03T06:27:07","slug":"renxin%e2%80%90huanghuang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2023\/12\/31\/renxin%e2%80%90huanghuang\/","title":{"rendered":"r\u00e9nx\u012bn\u2010hu\u00e1nghu\u00e1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3>\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">r\u00e9nx\u012bn<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(r\u00e9n\u00b7x\u012bn\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">people\u2019s \u00b7 hearts \u2192<\/span> [popular\/public feeling]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4eba\u5fc3)<\/span>\u2010<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">hu\u00e1nghu\u00e1ng<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(hu\u00e1ng\u00b7hu\u00e1ng\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">{being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]} \u00b7 {being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f6\u60f6)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t<span style=\"color: hsl(100, 85%, 40%);\"> \u2190 Tap\/click to show\/hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>\n<\/h3>\n\n<p>[<strong>Notes:<\/strong> <span style=\"color: hsl(100, 85%, 40%)\">Tap\/click on a <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to reveal its <\/span><span style=\"background-color: hsl(52, 55%, 87%);\">\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>; <span style=\"color: hsl(45, 85%, 40%)\">tap\/click on a <\/span><span style=\"background-color: hsl(52, 55%, 87%);\">\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span> <span style=\"color: hsl(45, 85%, 40%)\">or its <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[Pinyin]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to hide the<\/span> <span style=\"background-color: hsl(52, 55%, 87%);\">\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>. <span class=\"plusinfotransl\">\ud83d\udcd6<\/span> <span class=\"plusinfotransl\">\ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean <span class=\"plusinfotransl\">\ud83d\udcd6<\/span> <strong>Reveal All<\/strong>, <span class=\"plusinfotransl\">\ud83d\udcc4<\/span> <strong>Reveal Advanced<\/strong>, and \ud83d\udcd8 <strong>Reveal None<\/strong> re all the <span class=\"plusinfotransl\">\u201cflashcards\u201d<\/span> in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]<\/p>\n<p>As 2023 draws to a close, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jw.org\" title=\"Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses\u2014Official Website: jw.org\">jw.org<\/a> is featuring the article \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jw.org\/en\/library\/series\/more-topics\/2023-events-bible-meaning\/\" title=\"2023: A Year of Anxiety\u2014What Does the Bible Say?\">2023: A Year of Anxiety\u2014\u2060What Does the Bible Say?<\/a>\u201d. This week\u2019s MEotW, <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cr\u00e9nx\u012bn<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(r\u00e9n\u00b7x\u012bn\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">people\u2019s \u00b7 hearts \u2192<\/span> [popular\/public feeling]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4eba\u5fc3)<\/span>\u2010<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>hu\u00e1nghu\u00e1ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(hu\u00e1ng\u00b7hu\u00e1ng\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">{being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]} \u00b7 {being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f6\u60f6)<\/span><i>\u201d,<\/i> is used in the title of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jw.org\/cmn-hans\/%E5%A4%9A%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86\/%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97\/%E6%9B%B4%E5%A4%9A%E7%83%AD%E9%97%A8%E8%AF%9D%E9%A2%98\/2023%E4%BA%BA%E5%BF%83%E6%83%B6%E6%83%B6%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8B%E6%80%8E%E6%A0%B7%E5%BA%94%E9%AA%8C%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8F%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80\/\" title=\"2023\u4eba\u5fc3\u60f6\u60f6\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u4e8b\u600e\u6837\u5e94\u9a8c\u5723\u7ecf\u9884\u8a00\">Mandarin version<\/a> of this article:<\/p>\n<p>English:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\n2023: A Year of <strong>Anxiety<\/strong>\u2014\u2060What Does the Bible Say?\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Mandarin:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plusParentNode(this)\" title=\"Reveal All\" class=\"plusinfotransl\">\ud83d\udcd6<\/span> <span onclick=\"advParentNode(this)\" title=\"Reveal Advanced\" class=\"plusinfotransl\">\ud83d\udcc4<\/span> <span onclick=\"minusParentNode(this)\" title=\"Reveal None\">\ud83d\udcd8<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t2023\n\n\t\t\t<strong>\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">R\u00e9nx\u012bn<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(R\u00e9n\u00b7x\u012bn\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">People\u2019s \u00b7 Hearts \u2192<\/span> [Popular\/Public Feeling]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4eba\u5fc3)<\/span>\u2010<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">Hu\u00e1nghu\u00e1ng<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(Hu\u00e1ng\u00b7hu\u00e1ng\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Being Fearful \u2192<\/span> [Being Anxious]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 <span class=\"lit\">{Being Fearful \u2192<\/span> [Being Anxious]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f6\u60f6)<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/strong>\n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">de<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\"> \n\t\t\t(<span class=\"mt\">\u2019<\/span> \n\t\t\t\u7684)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">Y\u00ec<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\"> \n\t\t\t(<span class=\"mt\">One<\/span> \n\t\t\t\u4e00)<\/span> \n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">Ni\u00e1n<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\"> \n\t\t\t(<span class=\"mt\">Year<\/span> \n\t\t\t\u5e74 \n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u5e74\/\u79ca<\/span>)<\/span>:\n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">Sh\u00ecji\u00e8<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(Sh\u00ec\u00b7ji\u00e8\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{Generation \u2192 [World]} \u00b7 Extent\u2019s \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[World\u2019s]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4e16\u754c)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">D\u00e0sh\u00ec<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(D\u00e0\u00b7sh\u00ec\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">{Big \u2192<\/span> [Major]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span> \u00b7 Events<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u5927\u4e8b)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">Z\u011bny\u00e0ng<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\"> \n\t\t\t(Z\u011bn\u00b7y\u00e0ng \n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">(in) What \u00b7 {Forms \u2192 [Ways]} \u2192<\/span> [How]<\/span> \n\t\t\t\u600e\u6837 \n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u600e\u6a23<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">Y\u00ecngy\u00e0n<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(Y\u00ecng\u00b7y\u00e0n\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{Respond to} \u00b7 Verifying (Regarding) \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[Fulfil]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u5e94\u9a8c\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u61c9\u9a57<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">Sh\u00e8ngj\u012bng<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\"> \n\t\t\t(Sh\u00e8ng\u00b7j\u012bng \n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">Holy \u00b7 Scriptures \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[Bible]<\/span> \n\t\t\t\u5723\u7ecf \n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u8056\u7d93<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">Y\u00f9y\u00e1n<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(Y\u00f9\u00b7y\u00e1n\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{In Advance} \u00b7 Sayings \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[Prophecies]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u9884\u8a00\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u9810\u8a00<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4>Breakdown<\/h4>\n<p><span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cR\u00e9n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\"> \n\t\t\t(<span class=\"mt\">people | person[s] | human[s] | man\/men<\/span> \n\t\t\t\u4eba)<\/span><i>\u201d<\/i> can mean \u201cpeople\u201d, and <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cx\u012bn<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\"> \n\t\t\t(<span class=\"mt\">heart<\/span> \n\t\t\t\u5fc3)<\/span><i>\u201d<\/i> means \u201cheart\u201d. Together, they can literally mean \u201cpeople\u2019s hearts\u201d, and in the context of <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cr\u00e9nx\u012bn<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(r\u00e9n\u00b7x\u012bn\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">people\u2019s \u00b7 hearts \u2192<\/span> [popular\/public feeling]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4eba\u5fc3)<\/span>\u2010<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>hu\u00e1nghu\u00e1ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(hu\u00e1ng\u00b7hu\u00e1ng\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">{being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]} \u00b7 {being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f6\u60f6)<\/span><i>,\u201d<\/i> they effectively mean \u201cpopular\/public feeling\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cHu\u00e1ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(<span class=\"mt\">{[is] afraid; fearful; scared; frightened} [\u2192 [[is] anxious; uneasy; nervous]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f6)<\/span><i>\u201d<\/i> seems to basically literally mean \u201c[is] afraid; fearful; scared; frightened\u201d. In some cases, it can effectively mean \u201c[is] anxious; uneasy; nervous\u201d. (In these definitions, the presence of \u201c[is]\u201d means that this expression can sometimes function as a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stative_verb\" title=\"Stative verb - Wikipedia\">stative verb<\/a>, i.e., a verb that describes a state of being, rather than an action. Some more information on stative verbs, quoted from the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ABC_Chinese%E2%80%93English_Dictionary\" title=\"ABC Chinese\u2013English Dictionary - Wikipedia\"><i>ABC Chinese-English Dictionary<\/i><\/a>, can be found in the <a href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2022\/08\/01\/gaowen\/\" title=\"g\u0101ow\u0113n - Mandarin Expression of the Week\">MEotW post<\/a> on <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cg\u0101ow\u0113n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(g\u0101o\u00b7w\u0113n\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">high \u00b7 <span class=\"lit\">{being warm \u2192<\/span> [temperature]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\u9ad8\u6e29\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u9ad8\u6eab<\/span>)<\/span><i>\u201d.)<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Taken together, the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morpheme\" title=\"Morpheme - Wikipedia\">morphemes<\/a> in <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cr\u00e9nx\u012bn<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(r\u00e9n\u00b7x\u012bn\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">people\u2019s \u00b7 hearts \u2192<\/span> [popular\/public feeling]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4eba\u5fc3)<\/span>\u2010<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>hu\u00e1nghu\u00e1ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(hu\u00e1ng\u00b7hu\u00e1ng\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">{being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]} \u00b7 {being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f6\u60f6)<\/span><i>\u201d,<\/i> as used in the above example, effectively mean \u201cpopular\/public feeling being anxious\u201d.<\/p>\n<h4>One More Time<\/h4>\n<p>In <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cr\u00e9nx\u012bn<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(r\u00e9n\u00b7x\u012bn\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">people\u2019s \u00b7 hearts \u2192<\/span> [popular\/public feeling]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4eba\u5fc3)<\/span>\u2010<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>hu\u00e1nghu\u00e1ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(hu\u00e1ng\u00b7hu\u00e1ng\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">{being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]} \u00b7 {being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f6\u60f6)<\/span><i>\u201d,<\/i> <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201chu\u00e1ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(<span class=\"mt\">{[is] afraid; fearful; scared; frightened} [\u2192 [[is] anxious; uneasy; nervous]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f6)<\/span><i>\u201d<\/i> is doubled, or repeated. In linguistics, this phenomenon is called <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reduplication#Chinese\" title=\"Reduplication - Wikipedia\">reduplication<\/a>, and it\u2019s quite common in Mandarin. Sometimes, the tone of the duplicated morpheme is kept the same, while other times, the second occurrence\u2019s tone becomes neutral. Off the top of my head, here are some other examples of reduplication in Mandarin:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>xi\u01cengxiang<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(xi\u01ceng\u00b7xiang\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">{think about} \u00b7 {think about} | think \u00b7 think<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f3\u60f3)<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ch\u00e1ngch\u00e1ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(ch\u00e1ng\u00b7ch\u00e1ng\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">frequently \u00b7 frequently | often \u00b7 often | constantly \u00b7 constantly<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u5e38\u5e38)<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>m\u00e0nm\u00e0n<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(m\u00e0n\u00b7m\u00e0n\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">slowly \u00b7 slowly [\u2192 [gradually]]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6162\u6162)<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>k\u00e0nkan<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(k\u00e0n\u00b7kan\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">{look at} \u00b7 {look at} | look \u00b7 look | see \u00b7 see | watch \u00b7 watch<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u770b\u770b)<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sometimes, one might even come across a Mandarin <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/double_double\" title=\"double double - Wiktionary, the free dictionary\">double double<\/a>, such as <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cm\u01cema\u2010h\u016bh\u016b<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t((m\u01ce\u00b7ma\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">horse \u00b7 horse<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u9a6c\u9a6c\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u99ac\u99ac<\/span>)\n\t\t\t(h\u016b\u00b7h\u016b\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">tiger \u00b7 tiger<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u864e\u864e)\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">\u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[careless; casual | fair; so-so; just passable]<\/span>)<\/span><i>\u201d.<\/i> (Hopefully, this term does not apply to our approach to learning Mandarin, especially if we are doing so for Jehovah\u2019s work in the Mandarin field!)<\/p>\n<h4>Idiomatic<\/h4>\n<p>Considering its structure, we can say that <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cr\u00e9nx\u012bn<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(r\u00e9n\u00b7x\u012bn\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\"><span class=\"lit\">people\u2019s \u00b7 hearts \u2192<\/span> [popular\/public feeling]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u4eba\u5fc3)<\/span>\u2010<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>hu\u00e1nghu\u00e1ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(hu\u00e1ng\u00b7hu\u00e1ng\n\t\t\t<span class=\"mt\">{being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]} \u00b7 {being afraid; fearful; scared; frightened [\u2192 [being anxious; uneasy; nervous]]}<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u60f6\u60f6)<\/span><i>\u201d<\/i> is an idiom. However, it does not seem to be a <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ch\u00e9ngy\u01d4<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(ch\u00e9ng\u00b7y\u01d4\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{(sth. that) has become} \u00b7 saying \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[set phrase (typically of 4 characters); idiom]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6210\u8bed\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u6210\u8a9e<\/span>)<\/span>. This excerpt from the <a href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2021\/01\/18\/chengyu\/\" title=\"ch\u00e9ngy\u01d4 - Mandarin Expression of the Week\">MEotW post<\/a> on <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>\u201cch\u00e9ngy\u01d4<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(ch\u00e9ng\u00b7y\u01d4\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{(sth. that) has become} \u00b7 saying \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[set phrase (typically of 4 characters); idiom]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6210\u8bed\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u6210\u8a9e<\/span>)<\/span><i>\u201d<\/i> discusses the difference:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\nSo, it appears that while <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ch\u00e9ngy\u01d4<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(ch\u00e9ng\u00b7y\u01d4\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{(things that) have become} \u00b7 sayings \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[set phrases (typically of 4 characters); idioms]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6210\u8bed\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u6210\u8a9e<\/span>)<\/span> can be called idioms in English, not all Chinese idioms are <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ch\u00e9ngy\u01d4<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(ch\u00e9ng\u00b7y\u01d4\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{(things that) have become} \u00b7 sayings \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[set phrases (typically of 4 characters); idioms]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6210\u8bed\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u6210\u8a9e<\/span>)<\/span>. It seems that \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ch\u00e9ngy\u01d4<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(ch\u00e9ng\u00b7y\u01d4\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{(things that) have become} \u00b7 sayings \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[set phrases (typically of 4 characters); idioms]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6210\u8bed\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u6210\u8a9e<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d specifically refers to Chinese idioms that originated in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Classical_Chinese\" title=\"Classical Chinese - Wikipedia\">Classical Chinese<\/a>, or <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Literary_Chinese\" title=\"Literary Chinese - Wiktionary\">Literary Chinese<\/a>. This writing style has largely been replaced by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Written_vernacular_Chinese\" title=\"Written vernacular Chinese - Wikipedia\">written vernacular Chinese<\/a>, which has been the standard style of writing for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Standard_Chinese\" title=\"Standard Chinese - Wikipedia\">Modern Standard Mandarin<\/a> for about a century now.<\/p>\n<p>Since they originated in Classical Chinese, which hasn\u2019t been current for about a century, <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ch\u00e9ngy\u01d4<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(ch\u00e9ng\u00b7y\u01d4\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{(things that) have become} \u00b7 sayings \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[set phrases (typically of 4 characters); idioms]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6210\u8bed\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u6210\u8a9e<\/span>)<\/span> often cannot be fully understood by modern speakers and readers of Mandarin, since knowledge about the source material for <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ch\u00e9ngy\u01d4<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n\t\t\t(ch\u00e9ng\u00b7y\u01d4\n\t\t\t<span class=\"lit\">{(things that) have become} \u00b7 sayings \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[set phrases (typically of 4 characters); idioms]<\/span>\n\t\t\t\u6210\u8bed\n\t\t\t<span class=\"trad\">\u6210\u8a9e<\/span>)<\/span> has naturally been fading with the passing of time.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[Notes: Tap\/click on a expression to reveal its \u201cflashcard\u201d; tap\/click on a \u201cflashcard\u201d or its expression to hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d. \ud83d\udcd6 \ud83d\udcc4 \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6 Reveal All, \ud83d\udcc4 Reveal Advanced, and \ud83d\udcd8 Reveal None re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.] As 2023 draws [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,61,98,19,15],"tags":[90,40,37,141,119,97,372,78,382,143,63,20,136,370],"class_list":["post-4331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-current-events","category-history","category-language-learning","category-theocratic","tag-abc-chinese-english-dictionary","tag-chengyu","tag-chinese-culture","tag-idioms","tag-jw-org","tag-linguistics","tag-literary-chinese","tag-pinyin-plus","tag-reduplication","tag-related-expressions","tag-stative-verbs","tag-tones","tag-usage-examples","tag-written-vernacular-chinese"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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