{"id":3933,"date":"2023-09-20T17:06:31","date_gmt":"2023-09-21T00:06:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/?p=3933"},"modified":"2023-09-21T22:22:34","modified_gmt":"2023-09-22T05:22:34","slug":"huanjing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2023\/09\/20\/huanjing\/","title":{"rendered":"hu\u00e1nj\u00ecng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n\t\t\thu\u00e1nj\u00ecng+<\/sup><\/span>\n(hu\u00e1n\u00b7j\u00ecng\nsurrounding; encircling \u00b7 {(set of) boundaries \u2192 [(bounded) place; area] \u2192 [condition; situation; circumstances]} \u2192<\/span> [environment; surroundings; circumstances; situation; context | environmental]<\/span>\n\u73af\u5883\n\u74b0\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n \u2190 Tap\/click to show\/hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n\n

[Notes:<\/strong> Tap\/click on a P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to reveal its <\/span>\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>; tap\/click on a <\/span>\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span> or its P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to hide the<\/span> \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>. \ud83d\udcd6<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \u2795 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6<\/span> Reveal All<\/strong>, \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> Reveal Advanced<\/strong>, and \u2795 Reveal + Symbols<\/strong> re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d<\/span> in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]<\/p>\n

At the time of this writing, the main page of jw.org<\/a> was featuring the following headline in support of a global campaign:<\/p>\n

English<\/p>\n

\nCan the Environment<\/strong> Be Saved?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Mandarin:<\/p>\n

\n\n\ud83d\udcd6<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \ud83d\udcd8<\/span>\n\n\nHu\u00e1nj\u00ecng<\/span>\n(Hu\u00e1n\u00b7j\u00ecng\nSurrounding \u00b7 {(Set of) Boundaries \u2192 [(Bounded) Area] \u2192 [Situation]} \u2192<\/span> [Environmental]<\/span>\n\u73af\u5883\n\u74b0\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\n<\/strong>\n\nW\u00e8nt\u00ed<\/span>\n(W\u00e8n\u00b7t\u00ed\nAsking \u00b7 Problems \u2192<\/span> [Problems]<\/span>\n\u95ee\u9898\n\u554f\u984c<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nY\u01d2u<\/span>\n({Will Have}<\/span>\n\u6709)<\/span>\n\nJi\u011bju\u00e9<\/span>\n(Ji\u011b\u00b7ju\u00e9\n{Having Been Untied \u2192 [Having Been Solved]} \u00b7 {Having Been Decided} \u2192<\/span> [Having Been Solved]<\/span>\n\u89e3\u51b3\n\u89e3\u6c7a<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nde<\/span>\n(\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\nY\u00ec<\/span>\n(One<\/span>\n\u4e00)<\/span>\n\nTi\u0101n<\/span>\n(Sky \u2192<\/span> [Day]<\/span>\n\u5929)<\/span>\n\nMa<\/span>\n([? ptcl for \u201cyes\/no\u201d questions<\/i>]<\/span>\n\u5417\n\u55ce<\/span>)<\/span>?\n\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"Screenshot<\/p>\n

\u201cHu\u00e1nj\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(Hu\u00e1n\u00b7j\u00ecng\nsurrounding; encircling \u00b7 {(set of) boundaries \u2192 [(bounded) place; area] \u2192 [condition; situation; circumstances]} \u2192<\/span> [environment; surroundings; circumstances; situation; context | environmental]<\/span>\n\u73af\u5883\n\u74b0\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, which is used in Mandarin to mean \u201cenvironment\u201d or \u201cenvironmental\u201d, is this week\u2019s MEotW.<\/p>\n

Morphemic Breakdown<\/h4>\n

How does \u201chu\u00e1nj\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(hu\u00e1n\u00b7j\u00ecng\nsurrounding; encircling \u00b7 {(set of) boundaries \u2192 [(bounded) place; area] \u2192 [condition; situation; circumstances]} \u2192<\/span> [environment; surroundings; circumstances; situation; context | environmental]<\/span>\n\u73af\u5883\n\u74b0\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> \u201cwork\u201d as an expression? Its first morpheme<\/a> \u201chu\u00e1n<\/i><\/span>\n({(chain) link} | ring; circle | surround; encircle<\/span>\n\u73af\n\u74b0<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> refers to a \u201cring\u201d or a \u201ccircle\u201d, for example, a link in a chain. In fact, it used to be used on our organization\u2019s publications\u2019 Publishers\u2019 Pages to correspond to the \u201cpart\u201d in \u201cpart of a worldwide Bible educational work\u201d, by referring to the publication as a figurative link in a chain. An example can be seen in the screenshot below, which shows part of the Publishers\u2019 Page<\/a> for the Mandarin Bible Teach<\/i> book:<\/p>\n

\"Screenshot<\/p>\n

In the context of \u201chu\u00e1nj\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(hu\u00e1n\u00b7j\u00ecng\nsurrounding; encircling \u00b7 {(set of) boundaries \u2192 [(bounded) place; area] \u2192 [condition; situation; circumstances]} \u2192<\/span> [environment; surroundings; circumstances; situation; context | environmental]<\/span>\n\u73af\u5883\n\u74b0\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, \u201chu\u00e1n<\/i><\/span>\n({(chain) link} | ring; circle | surround; encircle<\/span>\n\u73af\n\u74b0<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> means \u201csurrounding\u201d or \u201cencircling\u201d, like a ring or a circle around someone would be.<\/p>\n

The other morpheme, \u201cj\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n({[(set of)] boundaries; borders} [\u2192 [[(bounded)] place; area; territory] [\u2192 [condition; situation; circumstances]]]<\/span>\n\u5883)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, literally means \u201cboundary\u201d or \u201cborder\u201d, and can be used to effectively mean \u201ca set of<\/em> boundaries\/borders\u201d. This, in turn, can effectively mean \u201c(bounded) place; area; territory\u201d, which can effectively mean \u201ccondition; situation; circumstances\u201d.<\/p>\n

When the two morphemes are put together in \u201chu\u00e1nj\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(hu\u00e1n\u00b7j\u00ecng\nsurrounding; encircling \u00b7 {(set of) boundaries \u2192 [(bounded) place; area] \u2192 [condition; situation; circumstances]} \u2192<\/span> [environment; surroundings; circumstances; situation; context | environmental]<\/span>\n\u73af\u5883\n\u74b0\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, they mean something like \u201csurrounding situation\u201d, which works to mean \u201cenvironment\u201d.<\/p>\n

Another expression in which \u201cj\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n({[(set of)] boundaries; borders} [\u2192 [[(bounded)] place; area; territory] [\u2192 [condition; situation; circumstances]]]<\/span>\n\u5883)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> appears is past MEotW<\/a> \u201cy\u01d4j\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(y\u01d4\u00b7j\u00ecng\nlanguage \u00b7 {(set of) boundaries \u2192 [(bounded) place] \u2192 [situation]} \u2192<\/span> [context]<\/span>\n\u8bed\u5883\n\u8a9e\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, which means \u201clanguage situation\u201d, which means \u201ccontext\u201d, as in the textual context of a written expression, or the spoken context of something that is said. As discussed in that post and in other posts<\/a>, such context<\/em>, not characters, is the real key to dealing with the many homophones in Mandarin.<\/p>\n

Another Usage Example<\/h4>\n

Coming back to \u201chu\u00e1nj\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(hu\u00e1n\u00b7j\u00ecng\nsurrounding; encircling \u00b7 {(set of) boundaries \u2192 [(bounded) place; area] \u2192 [condition; situation; circumstances]} \u2192<\/span> [environment; surroundings; circumstances; situation; context | environmental]<\/span>\n\u73af\u5883\n\u74b0\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, the section of jw.org<\/a> currently containing the above-quoted headline links to an article (English<\/a>\/Mandarin<\/a>) that contains the nice usage example below:<\/p>\n

English:<\/p>\n

\nThe Bible speaks of a government that can and will<\/em> solve all the earth\u2019s environmental<\/strong> problems. It says that \u201cthe God of heaven will set up a kingdom,\u201d a government to administer all of earth\u2019s affairs. (Daniel 2:44<\/a>) Under that world government, people \u201cwill not cause any harm or any ruin\u201d to one another or to the earth.\u2014Isaiah 11:9<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Mandarin:<\/p>\n

\n\n\ud83d\udcd6<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \ud83d\udcd8<\/span>\n\nSh\u00e8ngj\u012bng<\/span>\n(Sh\u00e8ng\u00b7j\u012bng\n(the) Holy \u00b7 Scriptures \u2192<\/span> [the Bible]<\/span>\n\u5723\u7ecf\n\u8056\u7d93<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nt\u00e1nd\u00e0o<\/span>\n(t\u00e1n\u00b7d\u00e0o\n{talks about} \u00b7 {arriving at}<\/span>\n\u8c08\u5230\n\u8ac7\u5230<\/span>)<\/span>\n\ny\u01d2u<\/span>\n({(there) is having} \u2192<\/span> [(there) is]<\/span>\n\u6709)<\/span>\n\ny\u00ed<\/span>\n(one<\/span>\n\u4e00)<\/span>\n\nge<\/span>\n([mw<\/i>]<\/span>\n\u4e2a\n\u500b\/\u4e2a<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nzh\u00e8ngf\u01d4+<\/sup><\/span>\n(zh\u00e8ng\u00b7f\u01d4\npolitical \u00b7 {seat of government} \u2192<\/span> [government]<\/span>\n\u653f\u5e9c)<\/span>\n\n\nk\u011by\u01d0<\/span>\n(k\u011b\u00b7y\u01d0\nable \u00b7 [suf<\/i>]<\/span>\n\u53ef\u4ee5)<\/span>\n\nch\u00e8d\u01d0<\/span>\n(ch\u00e8\u00b7d\u01d0\n{penetrating to} \u00b7 bottom \u2192<\/span> [thoroughly]<\/span>\n\u5f7b\u5e95\n\u5fb9\/\u6f88\u5e95<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nji\u011bju\u00e9<\/span>\n(ji\u011b\u00b7ju\u00e9\n{to untie \u2192 [to solve]} \u00b7 {to decide} \u2192<\/span> [to solve]<\/span>\n\u89e3\u51b3\n\u89e3\u6c7a<\/span>)<\/span>\n<\/em>\n\nd\u00ecqi\u00fa<\/span>\n(d\u00ec\u00b7qi\u00fa\nearth \u00b7 globe<\/span>\n\u5730\u7403)<\/span>\n\nde<\/span>\n(\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\n\nhu\u00e1nj\u00ecng<\/span>\n(hu\u00e1n\u00b7j\u00ecng\nsurrounding \u00b7 {(set of) boundaries \u2192 [(bounded) area] \u2192 [situation]} \u2192<\/span> [environmental]<\/span>\n\u73af\u5883\n\u74b0\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\n<\/strong>\n\nw\u00e8nt\u00ed<\/span>\n(w\u00e8n\u00b7t\u00ed\nasking \u00b7 problems \u2192<\/span> [problems]<\/span>\n\u95ee\u9898\n\u554f\u984c<\/span>)<\/span>.\n\nSh\u00e8ngj\u012bng<\/span>\n(Sh\u00e8ng\u00b7j\u012bng\n(the) Holy \u00b7 Scriptures \u2192<\/span> [the Bible]<\/span>\n\u5723\u7ecf\n\u8056\u7d93<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nshu\u014d<\/span>\n(says<\/span>\n\u8bf4\n\u8aaa\/\u8aac<\/span>)<\/span>:\n\n\u201cTi\u0101nshang<\/span>\n(Ti\u0101n\u00b7shang\nheaven \u00b7 upon<\/span>\n\u5929\u4e0a)<\/span>\n\nde<\/span>\n(\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\nSh\u00e0ngd\u00ec<\/span>\n(Sh\u00e0ng\u00b7d\u00ec\nAbove\u2019s \u00b7 {Emperor \u2192 [God]} \u2192<\/span> [God]<\/span>\n\u4e0a\u5e1d)<\/span>\n\ny\u00e0o<\/span>\n(will<\/span>\n\u8981)<\/span>\n\nsh\u00e8l\u00ec<\/span>\n(sh\u00e8\u00b7l\u00ec\n{set up} \u00b7 {make to stand}<\/span>\n\u8bbe\u7acb\n\u8a2d\u7acb<\/span>)<\/span>\n\ny\u00ed<\/span>\n(one<\/span>\n\u4e00)<\/span>\n\nge<\/span>\n([mw<\/i>]<\/span>\n\u4e2a\n\u500b\/\u7b87\/\u4e2a<\/span>)<\/span>\n\ny\u01d2ngb\u00fa<\/span>\n(y\u01d2ng\u00b7b\u00fa\nforever \u00b7 not<\/span>\n\u6c38\u4e0d)<\/span>\n\nmi\u00e8w\u00e1ng<\/span>\n(mi\u00e8\u00b7w\u00e1ng\n{will be extinguished} \u00b7 {will die}<\/span>\n\u706d\u4ea1\n\u6ec5\u4ea1<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nde<\/span>\n(\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\nw\u00e1nggu\u00f3<\/span>\n(w\u00e1ng\u00b7gu\u00f3\nking\u2019s \u00b7 nation \u2192<\/span> [kingdom]<\/span>\n\u738b\u56fd\n\u738b\u570b<\/span>)<\/span>.\u201d\n\n(D\u00e0ny\u01d0l\u01d0sh\u016b<\/span>\n(D\u00e0ny\u01d0l\u01d0\u00b7sh\u016b\nDaniel \u00b7 Book<\/span>\n\u4f46\u4ee5\u7406\u4e66\n\u4f46\u4ee5\u7406\u66f8<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n2:44<\/a>)\n\nZh\u00e8ige<\/span>\n(Zh\u00e8i\u00b7ge\nthis \u00b7 [mw<\/i>]<\/span>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\n\u9019\u500b<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nW\u00e1nggu\u00f3<\/span>\n(W\u00e1ng\u00b7gu\u00f3\nKing\u2019s \u00b7 Nation \u2192<\/span> [Kingdom]<\/span>\n\u738b\u56fd\n\u738b\u570b<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nhu\u00ec<\/span>\n(will<\/span>\n\u4f1a\n\u6703<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nt\u01d2ngzh\u00ec<\/span>\n(t\u01d2ng\u00b7zh\u00ec\n{gather together \u2192<\/span> [command]}<\/span> \u00b7 rule<\/span>\n\u7edf\u6cbb\n\u7d71\u6cbb<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nzh\u011bngg\u00e8<\/span>\n(zh\u011bng\u00b7g\u00e8\nwhole \u00b7 [mw<\/i>]<\/span>\n\u6574\u4e2a\n\u6574\u500b<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nd\u00ecqi\u00fa<\/span>\n(d\u00ec\u00b7qi\u00fa\nearth \u00b7 globe<\/span>\n\u5730\u7403)<\/span>.\n\nZ\u00e0i<\/span>\n(at<\/span>\n\u5728)<\/span>\n\nzh\u00e8ige<\/span>\n(zh\u00e8i\u00b7ge\nthis \u00b7 [mw<\/i>]<\/span>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\n\u9019\u500b<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nW\u00e1nggu\u00f3<\/span>\n(W\u00e1ng\u00b7gu\u00f3\nKing\u2019s \u00b7 Nation \u2192<\/span> [Kingdom]<\/span>\n\u738b\u56fd\n\u738b\u570b<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nde<\/span>\n(\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\nt\u01d2ngzh\u00ec<\/span>\n(t\u01d2ng\u00b7zh\u00ec\n{gathering together \u2192 [commanding]} \u00b7 ruling \u2192<\/span> [rule]<\/span>\n\u7edf\u6cbb\n\u7d71\u6cbb<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nxi\u00e0<\/span>\n(under<\/span>\n\u4e0b)<\/span>,\n\nb\u00fahu\u00ec<\/span>\n(b\u00fa\u00b7hu\u00ec\n(there) not \u00b7 will \u2192<\/span> [(there) will not]<\/span>\n\u4e0d\u4f1a\n\u4e0d\u6703<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nz\u00e0i<\/span>\n(anymore<\/span>\n\u518d)<\/span>\n\ny\u01d2u<\/span>\n({be having} \u2192<\/span> [be]<\/span>\n\u6709)<\/span>\n\nr\u00e9n<\/span>\n(people<\/span>\n\u4eba)<\/span>\n\np\u00f2hu\u00e0i+<\/sup><\/span>\n(p\u00f2\u00b7hu\u00e0i\ndamaging \u00b7 {to be ruined}<\/span>\n\u7834\u574f\n\u7834\u58de<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n\nhu\u00e1nj\u00ecng<\/span>\n(hu\u00e1n\u00b7j\u00ecng\nsurrounding \u00b7 {(set of) boundaries \u2192 [(bounded) area] \u2192 [situation]} \u2192<\/span> [environment]<\/span>\n\u73af\u5883\n\u74b0\u5883<\/span>)<\/span>\n<\/strong>\n\nhu\u00f2<\/span>\n(or<\/span>\n\u6216)<\/span>\n\nsh\u0101ngh\u00e0i<\/span>\n(sh\u0101ng\u00b7h\u00e0i\nhurting \u00b7 harming<\/span>\n\u4f24\u5bb3\n\u50b7\u5bb3<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nq\u00edt\u0101<\/span>\n(q\u00ed\u00b7t\u0101\nthem \u00b7 otherwise\u2019s \u2192<\/span> [other]<\/span>\n\u5176\u4ed6)<\/span>\n\nr\u00e9n<\/span>\n(people<\/span>\n\u4eba)<\/span>.\n\n(Y\u01d0s\u00e0iy\u00e0sh\u016b<\/span>\n(Y\u01d0s\u00e0iy\u00e0\u00b7sh\u016b\nIsaiah \u00b7 Book<\/span>\n\u4ee5\u8d5b\u4e9a\u4e66\n\u4ee5\u8cfd\u4e9e\u66f8<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n11:9<\/a>)\n\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

(For reference, here are the P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus links for the scriptures cited above: D\u00e0ny\u01d0l\u01d0sh\u016b<\/i><\/span>\n(D\u00e0ny\u01d0l\u01d0\u00b7sh\u016b\nDaniel \u00b7 Book<\/span>\n\u4f46\u4ee5\u7406\u4e66\n\u4f46\u4ee5\u7406\u66f8<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n2:44<\/a>;\n\nY\u01d0s\u00e0iy\u00e0sh\u016b<\/i><\/span>\n(Y\u01d0s\u00e0iy\u00e0\u00b7sh\u016b\nIsaiah \u00b7 Book<\/span>\n\u4ee5\u8d5b\u4e9a\u4e66\n\u4ee5\u8cfd\u4e9e\u66f8<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n11:9<\/a>.)\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[Notes: Tap\/click on a expression to reveal its \u201cflashcard\u201d; tap\/click on a \u201cflashcard\u201d or its expression to hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d. \ud83d\udcd6 \ud83d\udcc4 \u2795 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6 Reveal All, \ud83d\udcc4 Reveal Advanced, and \u2795 Reveal + Symbols re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.] At the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[36,61,19,15],"tags":[140,25,156,58,310,103,119,47,78,143,136],"class_list":["post-3933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-current-events","category-language-learning","category-theocratic","tag-bible-teach-bk","tag-chinese-characters","tag-climate-change","tag-context","tag-environment","tag-homophones","tag-jw-org","tag-morphemes","tag-pinyin-plus","tag-related-expressions","tag-usage-examples"],"yoast_head":"\nhu\u00e1nj\u00ecng - 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