{"id":3535,"date":"2023-06-05T17:02:55","date_gmt":"2023-06-06T00:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/?p=3535"},"modified":"2024-12-31T13:11:17","modified_gmt":"2024-12-31T21:11:17","slug":"chuangzao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2023\/06\/05\/chuangzao\/","title":{"rendered":"chu\u00e0ngz\u00e0o"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n\t\t\tchu\u00e0ngz\u00e0o<\/span>\n(chu\u00e0ng\u00b7z\u00e0o\ninitiating \u00b7 {making, creating} \u2192<\/span> [creating | creation; innovation]<\/span>\n\u521b\u9020\n\u5275\u9020<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n \u2190 Tap\/click to show\/hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n\n

The \nSh\u0113ngm\u00ecng L\u00e1iz\u00ec Chu\u00e0ngz\u00e0o Ma?<\/span>\n((Sh\u0113ngm\u00ecng\nLife<\/span>\n\u751f\u547d)\n(L\u00e1i\u00b7z\u00ec\nCame \u00b7 From<\/span>\n\u6765\u81ea\n\u4f86\u81ea<\/span>)\n(Chu\u00e0ng\u00b7z\u00e0o\nInitiating \u00b7 {Making, Creating} \u2192 [Creating]<\/span>\n\u521b\u9020\n\u5275\u9020<\/span>)\n(Ma\n[? ptcl for \u201cyes\/no\u201d questions]<\/span><\/span>\n\u5417\n\u55ce<\/span>)?\n\u2192<\/span> [Was Life Created? (lc)]<\/span>)<\/span>\n<\/i> (Was Life Created? (lc))<\/i> brochure and the \nSh\u0113ngm\u00ecng de Q\u01d0yu\u00e1n\u2014Zh\u00edde S\u012bk\u01ceo de W\u01d4 Ge W\u00e8nt\u00ed<\/span>\n((Sh\u0113ngm\u00ecng\nLife<\/span>\n\u751f\u547d)\n(de\n\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)\n(Q\u01d0\u00b7yu\u00e1n\n{Rising \u2192 [Starting]} \u00b7 Source \u2192 [Origin]<\/span>\n\u8d77\u6e90\/\u539f)\u2014(Zh\u00ed\u00b7de\nWorth \u00b7 Getting \u2192 [Worth]<\/span>\n\u503c\u5f97)\n(S\u012b\u00b7k\u01ceo\n{Thinking About} \u00b7 Examining<\/span>\n\u601d\u8003)\n(de\n\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)\n(W\u01d4\nFive<\/span>\n\u4e94)\n(Ge\n[mw]<\/span><\/span>\n\u4e2a\n\u500b\/\u4e2a<\/span>)\n(W\u00e8n\u00b7t\u00ed\nAsking \u00b7 Subjects \u2192 [Questions]<\/span>\n\u95ee\u9898\n\u554f\u984c<\/span>)\n\u2192<\/span> [The Origin of Life\u200b\u2014Five Questions Worth Asking (lf)]<\/span>)<\/span>\n<\/i> (The Origin of Life\u200b\u2014Five Questions Worth Asking (lf))<\/i> brochure were originally published back in 2010, but recently, the English version of the Was Life Created?<\/i> brochure was updated to the December 2022 Printing, and the Mandarin version of it was updated to the February 2023 Printing. Also, the Was Life Created?<\/i> brochure and the Origin of Life<\/i> brochure are now in the Teaching Toolbox section in the JW Library app. So, it would be good to consider some of the expressions used in the Mandarin versions of these publications that can be so helpful when discussing whether life was created.<\/p>\n

How It Started<\/h4>\n

This week\u2019s MEotW, which appears right in the title of the Mandarin Was Life Created?<\/i> brochure, is \u201cchu\u00e0ngz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(chu\u00e0ng\u00b7z\u00e0o\ninitiating \u00b7 {making, creating} \u2192<\/span> [creating | creation; innovation]<\/span>\n\u521b\u9020\n\u5275\u9020<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>. While this is basically a verb meaning \u201ccreate\u201d, it can also be used as a noun meaning \u201ccreation\u201d. Such verbal\/gerundial nouns were discussed in the MEotW post<\/a> on \u201cji\u00e0od\u01ceo<\/i><\/span>\n(ji\u00e0o\u00b7d\u01ceo\nteaching \u00b7 {guiding [\u2192 [instructing]]}<\/span>\n\u6559\u5bfc\n\u6559\u5c0e<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d:<\/p>\n

One interesting thing to note about \u201cji\u00e0od\u01ceo<\/i><\/span>\n(ji\u00e0o\u00b7d\u01ceo\nteaching \u00b7 {guiding [\u2192 [instructing]]}<\/span>\n\u6559\u5bfc\n\u6559\u5c0e<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d (and about \u201cji\u00e0oxun<\/i><\/span>\n(teaching \u2192<\/span> [reprimanding | knowledge gained from an error]<\/span>\n\u6559\u8bad\n\u6559\u8a13<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d, for that matter) is that their component morphemes<\/a> seem to basically be verbs. In certain contexts, however, they are used as nouns. An example of this being done in English is that \u201cteach\u201d and \u201cteaching\u201d are verbs (e.g. \u201cJesus was teaching<\/em> the crowd.\u201d), but in certain contexts, \u201cteaching\u201d is used as a noun (e.g. \u201cThe crowd was amazed at the teaching<\/em> Jesus shared with them.\u201d). When a word is used this way, it\u2019s called a verbal noun<\/a>, or a gerundial noun. Verbal nouns are quite common in Mandarin.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

How It Breaks Down<\/h4>\n

The \u201cchu\u00e0ng<\/i><\/span>\n(initiate; create; start; originate; {achieve (sth. for the first time)}<\/span>\n\u521b\n\u5275\/\u5231\/\u524f\/\u5259<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> in \u201cchu\u00e0ngz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(chu\u00e0ng\u00b7z\u00e0o\ninitiating \u00b7 {making, creating} \u2192<\/span> [creating | creation; innovation]<\/span>\n\u521b\u9020\n\u5275\u9020<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> is also used in \u201cChu\u00e0ngsh\u00ecj\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n(Chu\u00e0ng\u00b7sh\u00ec\u00b7j\u00ec\n{Initiating, Creating of} \u00b7 {Generation \u2192 [World]} \u00b7 Record \u2192<\/span> [Genesis]<\/span>\n\u521b\u4e16\u8bb0\n\u5275\u4e16\u8a18<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, and is associated with originality and creativity. For example, this \u201cchu\u00e0ng<\/i><\/span>\n(initiate; create; start; originate; {achieve (sth. for the first time)}<\/span>\n\u521b\n\u5275\/\u5231\/\u524f\/\u5259<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> also occurs in \u201cchu\u00e0ngzu\u00f2<\/i><\/span>\n(chu\u00e0ng\u00b7zu\u00f2\ninitiated; created; originated \u00b7 {made [\u2192 [written\/composed]]} [(thing)] [\u2192 [created; produced; written [(thing)]] [\u2192 [creative work; creation]]]<\/span>\n\u521b\u4f5c\n\u5275\u4f5c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> and in \u201cchu\u00e0ngzu\u00f2 l\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n((chu\u00e0ng\u00b7zu\u00f2\n{to initiate\/create\/originate} \u00b7 {to make [\u2192 [to write\/compose]]} \u2192 [to create\/produce\/write]<\/span>\n\u521b\u4f5c\n\u5275\u4f5c<\/span>)\n(l\u00ec\npower \u2192 [ability]<\/span>\n\u529b)\n\u2192<\/span> [creative ability; creativity; originality]<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, which can respectively mean \u201ccreative work\u201d and \u201ccreativity\u201d.<\/p>\n

As for the \u201cz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(make; build; create<\/span>\n\u9020)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> in \u201cchu\u00e0ngz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(chu\u00e0ng\u00b7z\u00e0o\ninitiating \u00b7 {making, creating} \u2192<\/span> [creating | creation; innovation]<\/span>\n\u521b\u9020\n\u5275\u9020<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, it\u2019s more associated with making and building, and it\u2019s the same \u201cz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(make; build; create<\/span>\n\u9020)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> that\u2019s in \u201cji\u00e0nz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(construct; build<\/span>\n\u5efa\u9020)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>. \u201cJi\u00e0nz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(build<\/span>\n\u5efa\u9020)<\/span>\n\nf\u00e1ngw\u016b<\/i><\/span>\n(houses<\/span>\n\u623f\u5c4b)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, for example, means \u201cbuild houses\u201d.<\/p>\n

How It Comes Together<\/h4>\n

So, \u201cchu\u00e0ngz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(chu\u00e0ng\u00b7z\u00e0o\ninitiating \u00b7 {making, creating} \u2192<\/span> [creating | creation; innovation]<\/span>\n\u521b\u9020\n\u5275\u9020<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, being made up of \u201cchu\u00e0ng<\/i><\/span>\n(initiate; create; start; originate; {achieve (sth. for the first time)}<\/span>\n\u521b\n\u5275\/\u5231\/\u524f\/\u5259<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i> and \u201cz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(make; build; create<\/span>\n\u9020)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, covers the entire process of coming up with the idea for something, and then actually making or building it. This is in contrast with the idea of theistic evolution<\/a>, that God somehow got the ball rolling and then sat back and let the process of evolution develop all the wonderful living things in the natural world.<\/p>\n

One person in particular whom I remember having such a viewpoint was my grade 7 teacher, who was actually quite smug about how her Catholic\/personal beliefs had thus seemingly neatly reconciled the contradictions between the worldly \u201cscientific\u201d theory of evolution and the creation account in the Bible book of Genesis. However, the actual wording of the Genesis account, including how it is often translated into Mandarin, does not really go along with such a seemingly neat reconciliation with evolution.\u2014Genesis 1:27 (English WOL<\/a>, Mandarin WOL<\/a>, P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus<\/a>).<\/p>\n

\"\u201c_Chu\u00e0ngz\u00e0o_\u201d<\/p>\n

To represent how God caused humans to come into existence, the Mandarin New World Translation<\/i> Bible uses \u201cchu\u00e0ngz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(chu\u00e0ng\u00b7z\u00e0o\ninitiated \u00b7 {made, created} \u2192<\/span> [created]<\/span>\n\u521b\u9020\n\u5275\u9020<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>, and the \nH\u00e9h\u00e9 B\u011bn<\/span>\n((H\u00e9\u00b7h\u00e9\nHarmonious \u00b7 {Closed \u2192 [United]}<\/span>\n\u548c\u5408)\n(B\u011bn\n{Root or Stem} \u2192 [Edition]<\/span>\n\u672c)\n\u2192<\/span> [Union Version (Chinese Bible)]<\/span>)<\/span>\n<\/i> uses \u201cz\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(made; built; created<\/span>\n\u9020)<\/span>\u201d<\/i>. Both these expressions contain the sense of \u201cmade, created\u201d, and perhaps \u201cbuilt\u201d.<\/p>\n

How the Py<\/i>+ Material Is Going<\/h4>\n

A while ago, I got the feeling that I should shift focus to get to work on producing current-generation P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus material for the Was Life Created?<\/i> brochure, which I had last produced older-style material for several years earlier. The official material for this brochure had also not been changed for several years, with the last Mandarin printing of it being dated 2016-12.<\/p>\n

However, not long after<\/em> I had started working on new P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus material for this brochure, I noticed that a new printing, dated 2022-12, had been put out for the English version of the Was Life Created?<\/i> brochure, and then, a new printing, dated 2023-02, appeared in the JW Library app for the Mandarin version of this brochure. Also, the Was Life Created?<\/i> brochure and the Origin of Life<\/i> brochure were added to the Teaching Toolbox section in the JW Library app at around this time. It seems that Jehovah had decided that the time had come for renewed focus on these brochures, and it seems that the work of producing P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus material for the Was Life Created?<\/i> brochure is privileged to be part of this renewed focus.<\/p>\n

At the time of this writing, the old 3-line files (iPad-Letter-A4<\/a>, XLP-iPhone-A5<\/a>) together with the new P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus<\/a> web resource cover the entire Was Life Created?<\/i> brochure. (The 3-line files were based on an older version of the brochure, though.) Also, the P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus web resource (which can be used offline<\/a> in supporting browsers<\/a>) contains no more P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span>-only material that has only been partially proofread\u2014all the P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span>-only material has now been fully proofread.<\/p>\n

\n

For convenience:<\/p>\n

The direct link for the current generation P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together of} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus resource for the Was Life Created?<\/i> brochure is:<\/p>\n