{"id":3204,"date":"2023-02-27T12:52:51","date_gmt":"2023-02-27T20:52:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/?p=3204"},"modified":"2024-03-10T15:48:32","modified_gmt":"2024-03-10T22:48:32","slug":"zhounian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2023\/02\/27\/zhounian\/","title":{"rendered":"zh\u014duni\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n\t\t\tzh\u014duni\u00e1n<\/span>\n(zh\u014du\u00b7ni\u00e1n\n{circle \u2192 [whole; cycle] of} \u00b7 year \u2192<\/span> [anniversary]<\/span>\n\u5468\u5e74\n\u5468\/\u9031\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n \u2190 Tap\/click to show\/hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n\n

[Notes:<\/strong> Tap\/click on a P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to reveal its <\/span>\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>; tap\/click on a <\/span>\u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span> or its P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> expression to hide the<\/span> \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span>. \ud83d\udcd6<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6<\/span> Reveal All<\/strong>, \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> Reveal Advanced<\/strong>, and \ud83d\udcd8 Reveal None<\/strong> re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d<\/span> in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.]<\/p>\n

February 24, 2023, a few days before the date of this post, was the one year anniversary of Russia\u2019s sending of significant military forces into Ukraine, resulting in the largest scale open warfare in Europe since World War II. So, as of this writing jw.org<\/a> is featuring the article \u201cUkraine War Enters Second Year\u2014What Hope Does the Bible Offer?<\/a>\u201d, and this week\u2019s MEotW is \u201czh\u014duni\u00e1n<\/i><\/span>\n(zh\u014du\u00b7ni\u00e1n\n{circle \u2192 [whole; cycle] of} \u00b7 year \u2192<\/span> [anniversary]<\/span>\n\u5468\u5e74\n\u5468\/\u9031\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d, the Mandarin word used in the Mandarin version<\/a> of that article to translate the sense of \u201canniversary\u201d.<\/p>\n

Circles<\/h4>\n

\u201cZh\u014duni\u00e1n<\/i><\/span>\n(Zh\u014du\u00b7ni\u00e1n\n{circle \u2192 [whole; cycle] of} \u00b7 year \u2192<\/span> [anniversary]<\/span>\n\u5468\u5e74\n\u5468\/\u9031\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d literally means \u201ccircle (or whole; cycle) of a year\u201d, and can be thought of as a year having gone full circle. Another use of the \u201czh\u014du<\/i><\/span>\n(circumference; circle; ring; periphery [\u2192 [whole; cycle] [\u2192 [week]]] | {to circle; to make a circuit}<\/span>\n\u5468\n\u5468\/\u9031<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d in \u201czh\u014duni\u00e1n<\/i><\/span>\n(zh\u014du\u00b7ni\u00e1n\n{circle \u2192 [whole; cycle] of} \u00b7 year \u2192<\/span> [anniversary]<\/span>\n\u5468\u5e74\n\u5468\/\u9031\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d, that also involves circles\/cycles and time, is to mean \u201cweek\u201d. Extending from that, \u201cZh\u014du\u2019\u00e8r<\/i><\/span>\n(Zh\u014du\u2019\u00b7\u00e8r\n{Circle \u2192 [Cycle] \u2192 [Week(day)]} \u00b7 Two \u2192<\/span> [Tuesday]<\/span>\n\u5468\u4e8c\n\u5468\/\u9031\u4e8c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d means \u201cWeek(day) Two\u201d, or \u201cTuesday\u201d.<\/p>\n

Note, though, that in this pattern, \u201cSunday\u201d is not<\/em> \u201cZh\u014duq\u012b<\/i><\/span>\n(Zh\u014du\u00b7q\u012b\n{Circle \u2192 [Week(day)]} \u00b7 Seven \u2192<\/span> [not<\/em> used to mean \u201cSunday\u201d]<\/span>\n\u5468\u4e03\n\u5468\/\u9031\u4e03<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d, but rather, \u201cZh\u014dur\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n(Zh\u014du\u00b7r\u00ec\n{Circle \u2192 [Cycle] \u2192 [Week]} \u00b7 {Sun \u2192 [Day]} \u2192<\/span> [Sunday]<\/span>\n\u5468\u65e5\n\u5468\/\u9031\u65e5<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d. Note also that regarding \u201cZh\u014dur\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n(Zh\u014du\u00b7r\u00ec\n{Circle \u2192 [Cycle] \u2192 [Week]} \u00b7 {Sun \u2192 [Day]} \u2192<\/span> [Sunday | weekday]<\/span>\n\u5468\u65e5\n\u5468\/\u9031\u65e5<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d, the excellent resource Referenced Theo. Expressions (RTE)<\/i><\/a> says:<\/p>\n

\nweekday; Sunday; Apparently \u5468\u65e5 can mean either “weekday” or “Sunday”; it was used in w07 7\/1 p.17 to mean “Sunday” (\u5468\u516d\u548c\u5468\u65e5 “Saturday and Sunday”; the Traditional version of wtl07 uses the variant \u9031 for \u5468) but in w95 7\/15 p.29 and w93 11\/1 p.31 it was used to translate “weekday” (i.e. non-Sabbath day in Israel), and g02 4\/8 p.7 (5\/8 in zh) uses \u5728\u5468\u65e5 to translate “during the workweek”.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

In addition to \u201cZh\u014dur\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n(Zh\u014du\u00b7r\u00ec\n{Circle \u2192 [Cycle] \u2192 [Week]} \u00b7 {Sun \u2192 [Day]} \u2192<\/span> [Sunday]<\/span>\n\u5468\u65e5\n\u5468\/\u9031\u65e5<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d, Mandarin dictionaries also list several other ways to say \u201cSunday\u201d, some of which originated from Catholicism.<\/p>\n

Not Regular Joes<\/h4>\n

The \u201czh\u014du<\/i><\/span>\n(circumference; circle; ring; periphery [\u2192 [whole; cycle] [\u2192 [week]]] | {to circle; to make a circuit}<\/span>\n\u5468\n\u5468\/\u9031<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d in \u201czh\u014duni\u00e1n<\/i><\/span>\n(zh\u014du\u00b7ni\u00e1n\n{circle \u2192 [whole; cycle] of} \u00b7 year \u2192<\/span> [anniversary]<\/span>\n\u5468\u5e74\n\u5468\/\u9031\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d is also used as a surname. For example, for hundreds of years, China was ruled by the Zh\u014du<\/i><\/span>\n({Circumference; Circle (surname<\/i>)}<\/span>\n\u5468\n\u5468\/\u9031<\/span>)<\/span> dynasty<\/a>.<\/p>\n

A famous Zh\u014du<\/i><\/span>\n({Circumference; Circle (surname<\/i>)}<\/span>\n\u5468\n\u5468\/\u9031<\/span>)<\/span> of more recent times was Zh\u014du \u0112nl\u00e1i<\/i><\/span>\n((Zh\u014du\n{Circumference; Circle (surname<\/i>)}<\/span>\n\u5468\n\u5468\/\u9031<\/span>)\n(\u0112n\u00b7l\u00e1i\nKindness \u00b7 Comes<\/span>\n\u6069\u6765\n\u6069\u4f86<\/span>)\n(the first Premier of the People\u2019s Republic of China)<\/span>)<\/span> (Wikipedia article<\/a>), the first Premier of the People\u2019s Republic of China, who served from October 1, 1949 until his death on January 8, 1976. An English translation of an interesting speech he gave in 1958 regarding some of the tasks that the PRC government faced relating to reforming the written language\u2014such as simplification of the characters, popularization of p\u01d4t\u014dnghu\u00e0<\/i><\/span>\n(p\u01d4\u00b7t\u014dng\u00b7hu\u00e0\ncommon; universal \u00b7 {through(out) \u2192 [common]} \u00b7 speech \u2192<\/span> [(Modern Standard) Mandarin (term commonly used in China)]<\/span>\n\u666e\u901a\u8bdd\n\u666e\u901a\u8a71<\/span>)<\/span>, and the creation and implementation of P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span>\u2014can be found here<\/a>, on the P\u012bny\u012bn.info<\/a> website.<\/p>\n

Usage Examples<\/h4>\n

In the above-mentioned jw.org<\/a> Mandarin article<\/a>, \u201czh\u014duni\u00e1n<\/i><\/span>\n(zh\u014du\u00b7ni\u00e1n\n{circle \u2192 [whole; cycle] of} \u00b7 year \u2192<\/span> [anniversary]<\/span>\n\u5468\u5e74\n\u5468\/\u9031\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d is used as follows:<\/p>\n

\n\n\ud83d\udcd6<\/span> \ud83d\udcc4<\/span> \ud83d\udcd8<\/span>\n\n2023\n\nNi\u00e1n<\/span>\n(Year<\/span>\n\u5e74\n\u5e74\/\u79ca<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n2\n\nYu\u00e8<\/span>\n(Moon \u2192<\/span> [Month]<\/span>\n\u6708)<\/span>\n\n24\n\nR\u00ec<\/span>\n(Sun \u2192<\/span> [Day]<\/span>\n\u65e5)<\/span>\n\nX\u012bngq\u012bw\u01d4<\/span>\n(X\u012bng\u00b7q\u012b\u00b7w\u01d4\n{Star \u00b7 {Period of Time} \u2192 [Week (Day)]} \u00b7 Five \u2192<\/span> [Friday]<\/span>\n\u661f\u671f\u4e94)<\/span>\n\nsh\u00ec<\/span>\n(is<\/span>\n\u662f)<\/span>\n\ny\u00ed<\/span>\n(one<\/span>\n\u4e00)<\/span>\n\nge<\/span>\n([mw<\/i>]<\/span>\n\u4e2a\n\u500b\/\u4e2a<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nc\u01cend\u00e0n<\/span>\n(c\u01cen\u00b7d\u00e0n\ntragic \u00b7 tasteless \u2192<\/span> [dismal]<\/span>\n\u60e8\u6de1\n\u6158\u6de1\/\u6fb9<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nde<\/span>\n(\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\nr\u00eczi<\/span>\n(r\u00ec\u00b7zi\n{sun \u2192<\/span> [day]}<\/span> \u00b7 [suf for nouns<\/i>]<\/span>\n\u65e5\u5b50)<\/span>,\n\nbi\u0101ozh\u00eczhe<\/span>\n(bi\u0101o\u00b7zh\u00ec\u00b7zhe\n{marking (with)} \u00b7 mark (that) \u00b7 being \u2192<\/span> [marking that]<\/span>\n\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\n\u6a19\u5fd7\/\u8a8c\/\u8b58\u7740\/\u8457<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nW\u016bk\u00e8l\u00e1n<\/span>\n(Ukraine<\/span>\n\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\n\u70cf\u514b\u862d<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nzh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng<\/span>\n(zh\u00e0n\u00b7zh\u0113ng\nwar \u00b7 contending \u2192<\/span> [war]<\/span>\n\u6218\u4e89\n\u6230\u722d<\/span>)<\/span>\n\nm\u01cen<\/span>\n({had filled}<\/span>\n\u6ee1\n\u6eff<\/span>)<\/span>\n\ny\u00ec<\/span>\n(one<\/span>\n\u4e00)<\/span>\n\n\nzh\u014duni\u00e1n<\/span>\n(zh\u014du\u00b7ni\u00e1n\n{circle \u2192 [cycle] of} \u00b7 year \u2192<\/span> [anniversary]<\/span>\n\u5468\u5e74\n\u5468\/\u9031\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>.\n<\/strong>\n\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The Pleco<\/a> app\u2019s built-in dictionary provides these usage examples:<\/p>\n

\n\nw\u01d4sh\u00ed zh\u014duni\u00e1n<\/strong> j\u00ecni\u00e0n<\/i><\/span>\n((w\u01d4\u00b7sh\u00ed\nfive \u00b7 tens \u2192 [fifty]<\/span>\n\u4e94\u5341)\n(zh\u014du\u00b7ni\u00e1n\n{circle \u2192 [cycle] of} \u00b7 year \u2192 [anniversary]<\/span>\n\u5468\u5e74\n\u5468\/\u9031\u5e74<\/span>)\n(j\u00ec\u00b7ni\u00e0n\nremembering \u00b7 {thinking of} \u2192 [commemoration]<\/span>\n\u8bb0\/\u7eaa\u5ff5\n\u8a18\/\u7d00\u5ff5<\/span>)\n\u2192<\/span> [golden jubilee]<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n\ny\u00ecb\u01cei zh\u014duni\u00e1n<\/strong><\/i><\/span>\n((y\u00ec\u00b7b\u01cei\none \u00b7 hundred<\/span>\n\u4e00\u767e)\n(zh\u014du\u00b7ni\u00e1n\n{circle \u2192 [cycle] of} \u00b7 year \u2192 [anniversary]<\/span>\n\u5468\u5e74\n\u5468\/\u9031\u5e74<\/span>)\n\u2192<\/span> [centenary]<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Will There Be Another Anniversary?<\/h4>\n

For now, it seems uncertain how much longer Russia and Ukraine will continue to battle for. While many experts, including some Western experts, initially expected Russia might succeed in its initial plan to topple the Ukraine government in a few days, Ukraine has succeeded in holding out, and, with much Western support, has even conducted some successful counteroffensives in the last year. Russia continues to have significant combat power, however, and seems intent on continuing to pursue its goals in this war. Recently, the director of the CIA said<\/a> the USA believes that China is considering providing lethal aid to Russia, perhaps in the forms of drones and ammunition. Meanwhile, Ukraine remains intent on completely driving out the Russian invaders, and many nations, including many Western nations, continue to provide it with ever more significant military support, now including advanced Western main battle tanks.<\/p>\n

Regardless of how long this war may drag on, may we keep our brothers and sisters in the affected areas in our prayers to Jehovah, the only true God and the \u201cGod of all comfort\u201d\u2014John 17:3<\/a>, 2 Corinthians 1:3<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[Notes: Tap\/click on a expression to reveal its \u201cflashcard\u201d; tap\/click on a \u201cflashcard\u201d or its expression to hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d. \ud83d\udcd6 \ud83d\udcc4 \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6 Reveal All, \ud83d\udcc4 Reveal Advanced, and \ud83d\udcd8 Reveal None re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.] February 24, 2023, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,61,98],"tags":[25,119,12,29,78,82,68,49,143,24,46,134,136,404,33],"class_list":["post-3204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-current-events","category-history","tag-chinese-characters","tag-jw-org","tag-mandarin","tag-pinyin","tag-pinyin-plus","tag-pinyin-info","tag-pleco","tag-referenced-theo-expressions","tag-related-expressions","tag-speech","tag-translation","tag-ukraine-war","tag-usage-examples","tag-war","tag-zhou-enlai"],"yoast_head":"\nzh\u014duni\u00e1n - Mandarin Expression of the Week<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2023\/02\/27\/zhounian\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"zh\u014duni\u00e1n - Mandarin Expression of the Week\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[Notes: Tap\/click on a expression to reveal its \u201cflashcard\u201d; tap\/click on a \u201cflashcard\u201d or its expression to hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d. \ud83d\udcd6 \ud83d\udcc4 \ud83d\udcd8 icons mean \ud83d\udcd6 Reveal All, \ud83d\udcc4 Reveal Advanced, and \ud83d\udcd8 Reveal None re all the \u201cflashcards\u201d in the heading, paragraph, etc. that they are placed at the beginning of.] February 24, 2023, […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2023\/02\/27\/zhounian\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mandarin Expression of the Week\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-27T20:52:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-10T22:48:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"tiandi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@TiandiLinksNews\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@TiandiLinksNews\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"tiandi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/troubadourworks.com\\\/tiandi\\\/meotw\\\/2023\\\/02\\\/27\\\/zhounian\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/troubadourworks.com\\\/tiandi\\\/meotw\\\/2023\\\/02\\\/27\\\/zhounian\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"tiandi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/troubadourworks.com\\\/tiandi\\\/meotw\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/86583c7b099e090dfeb296aa818abb57\"},\"headline\":\"zh\u014duni\u00e1n\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-27T20:52:51+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-10T22:48:32+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/troubadourworks.com\\\/tiandi\\\/meotw\\\/2023\\\/02\\\/27\\\/zhounian\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1053,\"commentCount\":0,\"keywords\":[\"Chinese Characters\",\"jw.org\",\"Mandarin\",\"P\u012bny\u012bn\",\"P\u012bny\u012bn Plus\",\"P\u012bny\u012bn.info\",\"Pleco\",\"Referenced Theo. 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