{"id":2032,"date":"2022-03-21T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-03-21T14:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/?p=2032"},"modified":"2024-03-10T15:53:01","modified_gmt":"2024-03-10T22:53:01","slug":"baofa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2022\/03\/21\/baofa\/","title":{"rendered":"b\u00e0of\u0101"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3>\n\t\t\t<span onclick=\"plus(this)\">b\u00e0of\u0101<\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">exploding; bursting \u00b7 {sending out}; issuing \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupting; bursting\/breaking out | explosion; eruption]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n<span style=\"color: hsl(100, 85%, 40%);\"> \u2190 Tap\/click to show\/hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p>On February 24, 2022, Russia sent significant military forces into Ukraine, resulting in the largest scale open warfare in Europe since World War II. Knowing certain Mandarin expressions will help us in the Mandarin field as we hear about and talk about Ukraine in the time ahead.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jw.org\/cmn-hans\/%E5%A4%9A%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86\/%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97\/%E6%9B%B4%E5%A4%9A%E7%83%AD%E9%97%A8%E8%AF%9D%E9%A2%98\/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80%E5%BA%94%E9%AA%8C\/\" title=\"\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5165\u4fb5\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8ddf\u5723\u7ecf\u7684\u9884\u8a00\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f\">Mandarin version<\/a> of the article \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jw.org\/en\/library\/series\/more-topics\/russia-invades-ukraine-bible-meaning-hope\/\" title=\"Russia Invades Ukraine\u2014Bible Significance of Current Events and Hope for the Future\">Russia Invades Ukraine<\/a>\u201d, recently featured on the home page of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jw.org\" title=\"Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses\u2014Official Website: jw.org\">jw.org<\/a>, twice uses the expression \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>b\u00e0of\u0101<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">exploding; bursting \u00b7 {sending out}; issuing \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupting; bursting\/breaking out | explosion; eruption]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d, this week\u2019s MEotW. As can be seen from the <span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n<span class=\"lit\">{Piecing Together} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> Plus information above, saying \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(zh\u00e0n\u00b7zh\u0113ng\n<span class=\"lit\">war \u00b7 contending \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[war]<\/span>\n\u6218\u4e89\n<span class=\"trad\">\u6230\u722d<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>b\u00e0of\u0101<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">exploding \u00b7 issuing \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupting; breaking out]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d in Mandarin is like saying \u201cwar erupting\/breaking out\u201d in English.<\/p>\n<h4>A Verb That Can Be a Noun<\/h4>\n<p>While the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morpheme\" title=\"Morpheme - Wikipedia\">morphemes<\/a> making up \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>b\u00e0of\u0101<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">exploding; bursting \u00b7 {sending out}; issuing \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupting; bursting\/breaking out | explosion; eruption]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d are literally verbs, \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>b\u00e0of\u0101<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">exploding; bursting \u00b7 {sending out}; issuing \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupting; bursting\/breaking out | explosion; eruption]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d can also at times be used as a noun. For example, saying \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(zh\u00e0n\u00b7zh\u0113ng\n<span class=\"lit\">war \u00b7 contending \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[war]<\/span>\n\u6218\u4e89\n<span class=\"trad\">\u6230\u722d<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>de<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(<span class=\"mt\">\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>b\u00e0of\u0101<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">exploding \u00b7 issuing \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupting\/eruption; breaking out]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d in Mandarin is like saying \u201cthe eruption of war\u201d in English.<\/p>\n<p>Such verbal\/gerundial nouns were discussed in the MEotW <a href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2021\/03\/01\/jiaodao\/\" title=\"ji\u00e0od\u01ceo - Mandarin Expression of the Week\">post<\/a> on \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ji\u00e0od\u01ceo<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(ji\u00e0o\u00b7d\u01ceo\n<span class=\"mt\">teaching \u00b7 {guiding [\u2192 [instructing]]}<\/span>\n\u6559\u5bfc\n<span class=\"trad\">\u6559\u5c0e<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>One interesting thing to note about \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ji\u00e0od\u01ceo<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(ji\u00e0o\u00b7d\u01ceo\n<span class=\"mt\">teaching \u00b7 {guiding [\u2192 [instructing]]}<\/span>\n\u6559\u5bfc\n<span class=\"trad\">\u6559\u5c0e<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d (and about \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>ji\u00e0oxun<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo a\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(<span class=\"lit\">teaching \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[reprimanding | knowledge gained from an error]<\/span>\n\u6559\u8bad\n<span class=\"trad\">\u6559\u8a13<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d, for that matter) is that their component <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morpheme\" title=\"Morpheme - Wikipedia\">morphemes<\/a> seem to basically be verbs. In certain contexts, however, they are used as nouns. An example of this being done in English is that \u201cteach\u201d and \u201cteaching\u201d are verbs (e.g. \u201cJesus was <em>teaching<\/em> the crowd.\u201d), but in certain contexts, \u201cteaching\u201d is used as a noun (e.g. \u201cThe crowd was amazed at the <em>teaching<\/em> Jesus shared with them.\u201d). When a word is used this way, it\u2019s called a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Verbal_noun\" title=\"Verbal noun - Wikipedia\">verbal noun<\/a>, or a gerundial noun. Verbal nouns are quite common in Mandarin.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4>Backwards and Forward<\/h4>\n<p>Another interesting thing to note is that in the article mentioned above, the first occurrence of \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>b\u00e0of\u0101<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">exploding; bursting \u00b7 {sending out}; issuing \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupting; bursting\/breaking out | explosion; eruption]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d has it coming after the word \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(zh\u00e0n\u00b7zh\u0113ng\n<span class=\"lit\">war \u00b7 contending \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[war; warfare]<\/span>\n\u6218\u4e89\n<span class=\"trad\">\u6230\u722d<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d (\u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>z\u01d4zh\u01d0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(z\u01d4\u00b7zh\u01d0\n<span class=\"mt\">{to prevent} \u00b7 {to stop}<\/span>\n\u963b\u6b62)<\/span>\n\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(zh\u00e0n\u00b7zh\u0113ng\n<span class=\"lit\">war \u00b7 contending \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[war]<\/span>\n\u6218\u4e89\n<span class=\"trad\">\u6230\u722d<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>b\u00e0of\u0101<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">exploding \u00b7 issuing \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupting]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d), but in the second occurrence, \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>b\u00e0of\u0101<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">exploding; bursting \u00b7 {sending out}; issuing \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupting; bursting\/breaking out | explosion; eruption]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d comes <em>before<\/em> \u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(zh\u00e0n\u00b7zh\u0113ng\n<span class=\"lit\">war \u00b7 contending \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[war; warfare]<\/span>\n\u6218\u4e89\n<span class=\"trad\">\u6230\u722d<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d (\u201c<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>r\u00fagu\u01d2<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(r\u00fa\u00b7gu\u01d2\n<span class=\"mt\">if \u00b7 <span class=\"lit\">{fruit \u2192<\/span> [if indeed]<span class=\"lit\">}<\/span><\/span>\n\u5982\u679c)<\/span>\n\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>b\u00e0of\u0101<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(b\u00e0o\u00b7f\u0101\n<span class=\"lit\">explodes \u00b7 issues \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[erupts]<\/span>\n\u7206\u53d1\n<span class=\"trad\">\u7206\u767c<\/span>)<\/span>\n\n<span onclick=\"plus(this)\"><i>zh\u00e0nzh\u0113ng<\/i><\/span><span class=\"plusinfo\" onclick=\"minus(this)\">\n(zh\u00e0n\u00b7zh\u0113ng\n<span class=\"lit\">war \u00b7 contending \u2192<\/span> <span class=\"mt\">[war]<\/span>\n\u6218\u4e89\n<span class=\"trad\">\u6230\u722d<\/span>)<\/span>\u201d). The first occurrence, with some context, is like saying \u201cto prevent war (from) erupting\u201d in English, while the second, with some context, is like saying \u201cif erupts war\u201d in English.<\/p>\n<p>This reminds us that while <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Word_order\" title=\"Word order - Wikipedia\">word order<\/a> is sometimes reversed in Mandarin compared to English, there is also a certain elasticity, or flexibility, in how words can be ordered in Mandarin, as indeed there also is in English. (While \u201cif erupts war\u201d isn\u2019t quite idiomatic (natural to a native speaker) in English, I don\u2019t think it\u2019s actually wrong, word order-wise\u2014I\u2019m pretty sure constructs with similar word order can be found in English poetry or song lyrics, for example.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On February 24, 2022, Russia sent significant military forces into Ukraine, resulting in the largest scale open warfare in Europe since World War II. Knowing certain Mandarin expressions will help us in the Mandarin field as we hear about and talk about Ukraine in the time ahead. The Mandarin version of the article \u201cRussia Invades [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[53,119,97,47,134,136,54,404,123],"class_list":["post-2032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-events","tag-grammar","tag-jw-org","tag-linguistics","tag-morphemes","tag-ukraine-war","tag-usage-examples","tag-verbal-nouns","tag-war","tag-word-order"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>b\u00e0of\u0101 - Mandarin Expression of the Week<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2022\/03\/21\/baofa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"b\u00e0of\u0101 - Mandarin Expression of the Week\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On February 24, 2022, Russia sent significant military forces into Ukraine, resulting in the largest scale open warfare in Europe since World War II. 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