{"id":1171,"date":"2021-04-19T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-19T14:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/?p=1171"},"modified":"2023-05-07T15:49:53","modified_gmt":"2023-05-07T22:49:53","slug":"renming","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2021\/04\/19\/renming\/","title":{"rendered":"r\u00e8nm\u00ecng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n\t\t\tr\u00e8nm\u00ecng<\/span>\n(r\u00e8n\u00b7m\u00ecng\nappoint \u00b7 assign<\/span>\n\u4efb\u547d)<\/span>\n\n \u2190 Tap\/click to show\/hide the \u201cflashcard\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n\n

Appendix A2<\/a> of the English New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures<\/i> (Study Edition), entitled \u201cFeatures of This Revision\u201d, discusses vocabulary changes that have been made in the current revision, words that have been translated differently than before. As noted in various entries in the excellent resource Referenced Theo. Expressions (RTE)<\/a>, Appendix A2<\/a> of the current Mandarin<\/em> version of the New World Translation<\/i> Bible (nwtsty) correspondingly discusses words that have been translated differently in the current revision of the Mandarin NWT<\/i> Bible, compared to how they had been translated before.<\/p>\n

Since we base what we say in Jehovah\u2019s service on his Word the Bible, the vocabulary used in it\u2014and the way those vocabulary words are translated\u2014should be reflected in how we speak in our ministry, at our meetings, etc. So, it is beneficial for us Mandarin field language-learners to be familiar with the latest thinking from the organization on how Bible terms should be translated into Mandarin.<\/p>\n

The Curious Case of \u201c\u818f\u201d<\/h3>\n

Sometimes, some words just gradually get used less and less, and people turn to using other words instead. Appendix A2<\/a> of the English New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures<\/i> (Study Edition) gives these examples of English words that have fallen out of fashion so much that they may no longer be correctly or easily understood by modern readers, and the words that the English NWT<\/i> Bible now uses instead of them:<\/p>\n

\nThe now obsolete meaning of \u201cdumb\u201d was replaced with \u201cspeechless.\u201d (Matthew 9:32, 33<\/a>) The term \u201charlot\u201d was changed to \u201cprostitute.\u201d (Genesis 38:15<\/a>) In this revision, \u201cfornication\u201d is usually rendered as \u201csexual immorality\u201d; \u201cloose conduct\u201d as \u201cbrazen conduct\u201d; and \u201crevelries\u201d as \u201cwild parties.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

One example of a word used in the previous major revision of the Mandarin NWT<\/i> Bible that may no longer be correctly or easily understood by modern readers is \u201cg\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n({apply liquid, ointment, etc.}; moisten; grease; lubricate [\u2192 [dip a brush in ink]]<\/span>\n\u818f)<\/span>\u201d, which is a verb<\/em>, and which is pronounced with the fourth<\/em> tone. When modern readers see the character \u201c\u818f\u201d, they probably think of \u201cg\u0101o<\/i><\/span>\n(fat; grease; oil [\u2192 [paste; cream; ointment; plaster | fertile; rich]]<\/span>\n\u818f)<\/span>\u201d, which is pronounced with the first<\/em> tone, and which is usually a noun<\/em> that is still in common use.<\/p>\n

(This confusion is so pervasive that even the official P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> version of Appendix A2<\/a> of the current Mandarin version of the New World Translation<\/i> Bible (nwtsty) incorrectly shows the first tone pronunciation of \u201c\u818f\u201d (g\u0101o) when discussing its verb form, which is actually pronounced with the fourth<\/em> tone (g\u00e0o). While many more of the official publications are available in official P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> versions than before\u2014unquestionably a good thing\u2014it seems that it has been difficult to avoid occasional lapses in quality in the greater quantity of P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> now being made available.)<\/p>\n

By the way, the same character \u201c\u818f\u201d having different pronunciations and different attached meanings in different contexts is an example showing us that characters are actually not<\/i> the ultimate clarifiers of meaning in Chinese writing. Rather, the context<\/em><\/strong> is what clarifies for us how a character like \u201c\u818f\u201d should be pronounced and understood when we see it in a sentence, paragraph, etc. And in the case of the H\u00e0nz\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n(H\u00e0n\u00b7z\u00ec\n{Han (Chinese)} \u00b7 Character<\/span>\n\u6c49\u5b57\n\u6f22\u5b57<\/span>)<\/span> (character) \u201c\u818f\u201d, with its multiple possible pronunciations and meanings, seeing the spoken Mandarin word it represents written in P\u012bny\u012bn<\/i><\/span>\n(P\u012bn\u00b7y\u012bn\n{Piecing Together} \u00b7 Sounds \u2192<\/span> [Pinyin]<\/span>\n\u62fc\u97f3)<\/span> as either \u201cg\u0101o<\/i><\/span>\n(fat; grease; oil [\u2192 [paste; cream; ointment; plaster | fertile; rich]]<\/span>\n\u818f)<\/span>\u201d or \u201cg\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n({apply liquid, ointment, etc.}; moisten; grease; lubricate [\u2192 [dip a brush in ink]]<\/span>\n\u818f)<\/span>\u201d is actually less confusing<\/em> and more clear<\/em> re pronunciation and meaning than seeing that spoken word written in H\u00e0nz\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n(H\u00e0n\u00b7z\u00ec\n{Han (Chinese)} \u00b7 Character<\/span>\n\u6c49\u5b57\n\u6f22\u5b57<\/span>)<\/span> form, even if one has indeed learned and can remember that complex character.<\/p>\n

With the above in mind, note that instead of \u201cg\u00e0ol\u00ec<\/i><\/span>\n(g\u00e0o\u00b7l\u00ec\n{apply liquid, etc. \u2192<\/span> [anoint]}<\/span> \u00b7 {make to stand \u2192<\/span> [appoint]}<\/span> (nwt<\/i>-CHS Appx. A2 notes change from \u201cg\u00e0ol\u00ec\u201d to \u201cr\u00e8nm\u00ecng\u201d)<\/span>\n\u818f\u7acb)<\/span>\u201d and \u201csh\u00f2ug\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(sh\u00f2u\u00b7g\u00e0o\nreceived \u00b7 {applying (of liquid, etc.)} \u2192<\/span> [anointed (nwt<\/i>-CHS Appx. A2 notes change from \u201csh\u00f2ug\u00e0o\u201d to \u201csh\u00f2u r\u00e8nm\u00ecng\u201d)]<\/span>\n\u53d7\u818f)<\/span>\u201d, the current version of the Mandarin NWT<\/i> Bible now uses \u201cr\u00e8nm\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(r\u00e8n\u00b7m\u00ecng\nappoint \u00b7 assign<\/span>\n\u4efb\u547d)<\/span>\u201d (this week\u2019s MEotW) and \u201csh\u00f2u<\/i><\/span>\n(received<\/span>\n\u53d7)<\/span>\n\nr\u00e8nm\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(r\u00e8n\u00b7m\u00ecng\nappointing \u00b7 assigning<\/span>\n\u4efb\u547d)<\/span>\u201d instead.\u2014S\u0101m\u01d4\u2019\u011brj\u00ec Sh\u00e0ng<\/i><\/span>\n((S\u0101m\u01d4\u2019\u011br\u00b7j\u00ec\nSamuel \u00b7 Record<\/span>\n\u6492\u6bcd\u8033\u8bb0\n\u6492\u6bcd\u8033\u8a18<\/span>)\n(Sh\u00e0ng\nUpper<\/span>\n\u4e0a)\n\u2192<\/span> [1 Samuel]<\/span>)<\/span> 10:1<\/a>; S\u0101ji\u0101l\u00ecy\u00e0sh\u016b<\/i><\/span>\n(S\u0101ji\u0101l\u00ecy\u00e0\u00b7sh\u016b\nZechariah \u00b7 Book<\/span>\n\u6492\u8fe6\u5229\u4e9a\u4e66\n\u6492\u8fe6\u5229\u4e9e\u66f8<\/span>)<\/span> 4:14<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u201cAnointed Christian\u201d<\/h3>\n

Speaking of \u201csh\u00f2ug\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(sh\u00f2u\u00b7g\u00e0o\nreceived \u00b7 {applying (of liquid, etc.)} \u2192<\/span> [anointed (nwt<\/i>-CHS Appx. A2 notes change from \u201csh\u00f2ug\u00e0o\u201d to \u201csh\u00f2u r\u00e8nm\u00ecng\u201d)]<\/span>\n\u53d7\u818f)<\/span>\u201d, before, the English expression \u201canointed Christian\u201d was translated by the organization into Mandarin as \u201csh\u00f2ug\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(sh\u00f2u\u00b7g\u00e0o\nreceived \u00b7 {applying (of liquid, etc.)} \u2192<\/span> [anointed (nwt<\/i>-CHS Appx. A2 notes change from \u201csh\u00f2ug\u00e0o\u201d to \u201csh\u00f2u r\u00e8nm\u00ecng\u201d)]<\/span>\n\u53d7\u818f)<\/span>\n\nde<\/i><\/span>\n(\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\nJ\u012bd\u016bt\u00fa<\/i><\/span>\n(J\u012b\u00b7d\u016b\u00b7t\u00fa\n{Foundation \u00b7 {Directing (Person)} \u2192 [Christ]} \u00b7 Follower \u2192<\/span> [Christian]<\/span>\n\u57fa\u7763\u5f92)<\/span>\u201d. However, as indicated above, going forward the organization has decided to use \u201csh\u00f2u<\/i><\/span>\n(received<\/span>\n\u53d7)<\/span>\n\nr\u00e8nm\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(r\u00e8n\u00b7m\u00ecng\nappointing \u00b7 assigning<\/span>\n\u4efb\u547d)<\/span>\u201d instead of \u201csh\u00f2ug\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(sh\u00f2u\u00b7g\u00e0o\nreceived \u00b7 {applying (of liquid, etc.)} \u2192<\/span> [anointed (nwt<\/i>-CHS Appx. A2 notes change from \u201csh\u00f2ug\u00e0o\u201d to \u201csh\u00f2u r\u00e8nm\u00ecng\u201d)]<\/span>\n\u53d7\u818f)<\/span>\u201d. This seems to indeed apply to how \u201canointed Christian\u201d is to be translated into Mandarin. For example, the Mandarin version of the January 2020 Watchtower<\/i> (Study Edition) here<\/a> uses \u201cb\u00e8i<\/i><\/span>\n([passive signifier<\/i>] \u2192<\/span> [got]<\/span>\n\u88ab)<\/span>\n\nr\u00e8nm\u00ecng<\/i><\/span>\n(r\u00e8n\u00b7m\u00ecng\nappointed \u00b7 assigned<\/span>\n\u4efb\u547d)<\/span>\n\nde<\/i><\/span>\n(\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\nJ\u012bd\u016bt\u00fa<\/i><\/span>\n(J\u012b\u00b7d\u016b\u00b7t\u00fa\n{Foundation \u00b7 {Directing (Person)} \u2192 [Christ]} \u00b7 Follower \u2192<\/span> [Christian]<\/span>\n\u57fa\u7763\u5f92)<\/span>\u201d to translate \u201canointed Christian\u201d. (The meanings of \u201csh\u00f2u<\/i><\/span>\n(received<\/span>\n\u53d7)<\/span>\u201d and \u201cb\u00e8i<\/i><\/span>\n([passive signifier<\/i>] \u2192<\/span> [got]<\/span>\n\u88ab)<\/span>\u201d are practically the same.)<\/p>\n

Alternately, note that the Mandarin version<\/a> (2021) of the Watchtower ONLINE LIBRARY Glossary entry for \u201cIsrael<\/a>\u201d translates \u201canointed Christians\u201d as \u201csh\u00f2u<\/i><\/span>\n(received<\/span>\n\u53d7)<\/span>\n\nh\u016bzh\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n(h\u016b\u00b7zh\u00e0o\n{breathing out \u2192<\/span> [calling]}<\/span> \u00b7 summoning<\/span>\n\u547c\u53ec)<\/span>\n\nd\u00e0o<\/i><\/span>\n({to arrive at}<\/span>\n\u5230)<\/span>\n\nti\u0101nshang<\/i><\/span>\n(ti\u0101n\u00b7shang\nheaven \u00b7 upon<\/span>\n\u5929\u4e0a)<\/span>\n\nq\u00f9<\/i><\/span>\n({to go}<\/span>\n\u53bb)<\/span>\n\nde<\/i><\/span>\n(\u2019s<\/span>\n\u7684)<\/span>\n\nJ\u012bd\u016bt\u00fa<\/i><\/span>\n(J\u012b\u00b7d\u016b\u00b7t\u00fa\n{Foundation \u00b7 {Directing (Person)} \u2192 [Christ]} \u00b7 Followers \u2192<\/span> [Christians]<\/span>\n\u57fa\u7763\u5f92)<\/span>\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Appendix A2 of the English New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition), entitled \u201cFeatures of This Revision\u201d, discusses vocabulary changes that have been made in the current revision, words that have been translated differently than before. As noted in various entries in the excellent resource Referenced Theo. Expressions (RTE), Appendix A2 of the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,19,15],"tags":[25,58,238,45,29,49,46,136],"class_list":["post-1171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-language-learning","category-theocratic","tag-chinese-characters","tag-context","tag-new-world-translation-bible","tag-nwt-appendix-a2","tag-pinyin","tag-referenced-theo-expressions","tag-translation","tag-usage-examples"],"yoast_head":"\nr\u00e8nm\u00ecng - Mandarin Expression of the Week<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/troubadourworks.com\/tiandi\/meotw\/2021\/04\/19\/renming\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"r\u00e8nm\u00ecng - Mandarin Expression of the Week\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Appendix A2 of the English New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition), entitled \u201cFeatures of This Revision\u201d, discusses vocabulary changes that have been made in the current revision, words that have been translated differently than before. 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